Did you like the article?

Showing posts with label Missionary. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Missionary. Show all posts

Monday, January 19, 2015

‘Canonisation of St Joseph Vaz a memorable event’

Canonisation of St Vaz a memorable event’

Reporters Name | CAMIL PARKHE | Sunday, 18 January 2015 AT 11:36 PM IST
Send by email    Printer-friendly version
Pune: For Fr Denis Joseph, who was among the group of 15 Puneites who recently flew to Colombo, witnessing the canonisation of St Joseph Vaz and watching Pope Francis from up close was an exciting and memorable experience.

“At the canonisations ceremony, I was hardly two feet away from the Holy Father. He is so humble and has an infectious smile,” says Fr Joseph, Principal of St Joseph School in Ghorpadi. The canonisation ceremony of Goa-born missionary Joseph Vaz was held on January 14.

Fr Joseph said that over a million people from Sri Lanka, India and other parts of the world had assembled to witness the ceremony, presided over by the pope.

“The flags of Vatican City and Sri Lanka greeted the visitors on a nearly 100-km stretch of road leading to Colombo. It was such a wonderful experience,” he says.

“St Joseph Vaz, the only Goan to be declared a saint, has done tremendous work in Sri Lanka. During our short visit there, we could see the fruits of his hard work in the island nation,” Fr Joseph told Sakal Times.  “That is why St Joseph Vaz, the pride of Goa, was also described at the ceremony as a gem of Sri Lanka,” the  priest added.




Thursday, May 22, 2014

Times of India : Jesuits-run Marathi monthly Niropya enters 100th year

The Times of India
Pune

The Times of India
You are here: Home » City » Pune

Marathi monthly Niropya enters 100th year



PUNE: Niropya, a Marathi monthly launched by a German Jesuit priest in an obscure village in Ahmednagar district in 1903, has today earned a distinct position among Marathi periodicals.
The monthly, presently being published from 'Snehsadan' in the city, is among the handful of Marathi periodicals which have reached the century mark. Niropya (Marathi word for messenger) was launched at the Walan-Kendal village in April 1903 by Fr Henry Doering, who later rose to become the vicar apostolic of Hiroshima in Japan and the archbishop of Pune.
The monthly, owned by the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), has grown from its initial four-page bulletin form to its present 32-page format. The magazine now boasts of a circulation of 20,000 copies.
Most of its subscribers are its third, fourth or even fifth generation readers — a feat rivalled by few other Marathi periodicals. The history of Marathi journalism begins with the publication of Darpan, a periodical launched by Balshastri Jambhekar in 1832.
Monthly Dnyanodaya, published from Ahmednagar since 1842, is the oldest surviving Marathi periodical, followed by daily Kesari, published from Pune since 1881.
Doering shifted Niropya's publication to Pune when he was appointed the second bishop of Pune diocese in 1907. During the First World War, the British government declared bishop Doering, a German national, as persona non grata. His monthly was also banned.
The Holy See then shifted Doering as vicar apostolic of Hiroshima in 1921. After the end of hostilities, Doering returned to Pune in 1927. Soon after his return, the archbishop resurrected his baby in 1927 and since then, Niropya is being published without a break.
Doering, who died in 1951, was interred at St Patrick's Cathedral in the city. The inscriptions on his grave, which highlight his contributions to various fields are, however, silent on the archbishop's role as the founder editor of Niropya, or his contribution to the history of the Marathi press.
During the last 100 years, the monthly has been published from Sangamner, Shrirampur, Panchgani, Karad, Aajra and Nasik, based on postings of its Jesuit priest-editors.
"Niropya has played an important role in creating social awareness among Catholics", says Fr Joe Pithekar, the monthly's executive editor.

Wednesday, May 21, 2014

Eternal rest for Fr Gurien Jacquier

KmoJaJmdMo \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m (Am¡a§Jm~mX {OëømVrb {¼ñVr {_eZ H$m`© - B g.1892 nmgyZ)

H$m{_b nmaIo
gwJmdm àH$meZ
22) Om{H$`a~mdm§Zm {Ma{dlm§Vr


dmT>Ë`m d`mo_mZm_wio \$mXa Om{H$`a~mdm§Zm nydugmaIo qhS>Uo AeŠ` Pmbo. {_eZH$m`m©{df`r Ë`m§Mm CËgmh H$m`_ am{hbm hmoVm Var WH$bobo eara Ë`m§À`m `m gigiË`m CËgmhmbm gmW XoÊ`mg AmVm ZH$ma XoV hmoVo. 1935 À`m Owb¡V KmoJaJmdmV Om{H$`a~m~m§Mo gmhmæ`H$ åhUyZ \$mXa AmPm[aAg {S>_obmo `m§Mr Zo_UyH$ Pmbr. d¥ÕËdmH$S>o PwH$boë`m Om{H$`a~m~m§H$Sy>Z ào{fVH$m`mªMo YS>o {eH$V \$mXa {S>_obmo `m§Zr Z§Va KmoJaJmd {_eZH$m_mMr gyÌo Amnë`m hmVmV KoVbr. 1944 _Ü`o Om{H$`a~m~m§Zr {_eZH$m_mVyZ {Zd¥Îmr ñdrH$mabr. _mÌ Ë`mZ§Vahr Ë`m§Zr \$mÝg `m Amnë`m _mV¥^y_rH$S>o Ymd KoVbr Zmhr dm ZmJnya `m Ë`m§À`m Y_©àm§VmÀ`m _w»` ehamV {dlm§VrgmR>r Vo Jobo Zmhr. Amnbr H$_©^y_r Agboë`m KmoJaJmd `m N>moQ>çmem IoS>oJmdmVM Ë`m§Zr Amnbo AIoaMo {Xdg Kmb{dUo ng§V Ho$bo.
Amnbm A§V Odi Ambm ho Om{H$`a~m~m§Zr AmoiIbo Voìhm Ë`m§Mo _Z H¥$VmW© hmoVo. Amnë`m ào{fVH$m`m©~m~VrV Vo {ZpíMVM g_mYmZr hmoVo. gZ 1947 gmbr KmoJaJmd {_eZ H|$ÐmÀ`m hÔrVrb Jmdm§Vrb H°$Wmo{bH$m§Mr g§»`m 6 hOma 700 hmoVr Va ~moaga {_eZ H|$ÐmV 4 hOma 500 OUm§Zm ~m{áñ_m XoÊ`mV Ambm hmoVm. gÎmmdÞ dfmªÀ`m {_eZH$m`mªV Ë`m§Zr eoH$S>mo bmoH$m§Zm {¼ñVr Y_m©V AmUbo hmoVo. eoH$S>mo ~mbH$m§da n{dÌ nmUr qenSy>Z Ë`m§Zr Ë`m§Mm ~m{áñ_m Ho$bm hmoVm. Ë`mn¡H$s AZoH$ Vê$U-VéUtMr Am{U Z§Va Ë`m§À`mhr _wbm-_wbtMr XodimV b½Zo bmdÊ`mMm `moJhr Ë`m§Zm bm^bm. XmoZ-VrZ {nT>çm§Vrb bmoH$m§Mm Ago ñZmZg§ñH$ma H$aÊ`mMm `moJ Hw$Um Y_©Jwê$À`m Am`wî`mV ghgm `oV Zmhr. H$maU nmMghm qH$dm Xhm dfmªZ§Va Ë`m§Mr doJdoJù`m {_eZ H|$ÐmV ~Xbr hmoV AgVoM. ZmJnya Y_©àm§VmVrb BVa gd© Y_©Jwê§$À`mhr gmVË`mZo doJdoJù`m {_eZ H|$ÐmV ~Xë`m hmoV AgV. _mÌ `m H$mimV {~en Agboë`m Ë`m§À`m Hw$Urhr Y_m©{YH$mè`m§Zr amhmVm `oWrb H$mhr dfm©§Mm AndmX dJiVm Om{H$`a~m~m§Zm KmoJaJmdmVyZ XwgarH$S>o hb{dbo Zmhr, ho {deof åhUmdo bmJob. Amnë`m XrKm©`wî`mVrb Mma XeH$m§hÿZ A{YH$ H$mi Om{H$`a~m~m§Zr KmoJaJmdmVM {_eZar åhUyZ H$m_ Ho$bo hmoVo. Ë`m_wio AmnU bmdbobr AZoH$ amonQ>o _hmd¥jo Pmbobr nmhÊ`mMo ^m½` `m _hmËå`mbm bm^bo.
gZ 1947 À`m \o$~«wdmarÀ`m AIoarg Om{H$`a~m~m§Zm Aeº$nUm_wio {¼ñVamOm _§{XamV n{dÌ {_ñgm gmOar H$aUo AeŠ` Pmbo. _mM©AIoarg Ë`m§Mo {b{hUo Am{U {\$aUogwÜXm ~§X Pmbo, Amnë`m Imobr~mhoa nS>Uo Ë`m§Zm AeŠ` Pmbo. Ë`mdfu BñQ>a gUmÀ`m {Xder Ë`m§Zr AmOmar ì`º$s¨gmR>r, _¥Ë`weæ`oda Agboë`m ì`º$s§gmR>r {Xë`m OmUmè`m A§Ë`ä`§J åhUOo eodQ>À`m ñZmZg§ñH$mamMr _mJUr Ho$br. nmñH$m qH$dm BñQ>a gUm{Z{_Îm AmgnmgÀ`m IoS>çm§VyZ KmoJaJmdmV Amboë`m bmoH$m§Mm Ë`m§Zr H$m`_Mm {Zamon KoVbm. Om{H$`a~m~m§Mo ho ~hþYm eodQ>MoM Xe©Z `mMr OmUrd Ë`mn¡H$s AZoH$ bmoH$m§Zm Pmbrhr Agob. Ë`mZ§Va OdiOdi XmoZ _{hÝ`m§Z§Va åhUOo 20 _o 1947 amoOr Om{H$`a~m~m§Mo {ZYZ Pmbo.
Om{H$`a~m~m§Mo {Zdm©U Pmbo Voìhm _mPo AmB©-d{S>b KmoJaJmdmVM hmoVo. _mÂ`m AmB©À`m YmH$Q>çm ~{hUrÀ`m åhUOo AZwg`m_mderÀ`m Am{U H$m{eZmWH$mH$m ^mboamd `m§À`m b½Zm{Z{_Îm Vo _mÂ`m AmOmoimg Ambo hmoVo. Ë`mH$mimV b½Zg_ma§^ Mma-nmM {Xdg MmbV Ago. n{hë`m {Xder hiX bmdÊ`mMm H$m`©H«$_ Ago. Ë`mZ§Va JS>m§JUoamgmR>r ^mdr dYy Am{U da ZmVodmB©H$m§H$S>o Am{U eoOmamnmOmè`m§H$S>o eod`m ImÊ`mgmR>r Amnë`m bdmOå`mgh {\$aV Ago. _mderMo b½Z bmJë`mZ§Va Om{H$`a~m~m§Mo {ZYZ Pmbo. Ë`m_wio Ë`m{Xder hmoUmam Hw$§H$dmMm qH$dm \$i ^aÊ`mMm b½Zg_ma§^mMm eodQ>Mm H$m`©H«$_ aÔ H$aÊ`mV Ambm hmoVm, ho _r _mÂ`m AmB©-d{S>bm§H$Sy>Z AZoH$Xm EoH$bo Amho. b¾g_ma§^mgmR>r JmdmoJmdm§hÿZ Ambobr nmhþUo_§S>ir _J Om{H$`a~m~m§À`m A§Ë`g§ñH$mamÀ`m {dYrV gh^mJr Pmbr. {¼ñVamOm Xodimnmer, XodimVrb doXrÀ`m g_m§Va ~mOybm Om{H$`a~m~m§Zm {Ma{ZÐm XoÊ`mV Ambr. KmoJaJmd n[agamVrb AZoH$ {¼ñVr, AmOy~mOyÀ`m JmdMr nmQ>rb_§S>ir Am{U BVa {~Ja{¼ñVr bmoH$ _moR>çm g§»`oZo A§Ë``mÌog hOa hmoVo. Ago åhUVmV H$s Om{H$`a~m~m AË`dñW Agë`m_wio JmoXmdarÀ`m nbrH$S>rb Ah_XZJa {OëømVrb haoJmd `m `oeyg§Kr` {_eZ H|$ÐmVyZ Ë`m§À`m X\$Z{dYrgmR>r ednoQ>r Ë`m§À`m {ZYZmAmYrM KmoJaJmdmV AmUyZ R>odÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr.
Om{H$`a~m~m§À`m {Zdm©UmZ§Va MmaM _{hÝ`mZ§Va KmoJaJmd {_eZ H|$ÐmVrb XmoZ VéUm§Zr Y_©Jwê$ åhUyZ {Xjm ñdrH$mabr. \$mXa Omogo\$ ~ZgmoS>o Am{U \$mXa \$mpÝgg Po{d`a Jm`H$dmS> `m§Mm Jwé{Xjm{dYr ZmJnyamV 29 gßQ>|~a 1947 amoOr nma nS>bm. Ë`mAmYr XrS> _{hZo AmYr ^maVmbm ñdmV§Í` {_imbo hmoVo Am{U _amR>dmS>çmV ào{fV H$m`© H$aÊ`mgmR>r n{hë`m§XmM ho XmoZ ^y{_nwÌ nwT>o Ambo hmoVo. KmoJaJmd {_eZmVrb n{hë`m ñWm{ZH$ Vê$Um§À`m Jwê${XjoMm g{dñVa d¥Îmm§V Ë`mdoir '{Zamoß`m' _m{gH$mZo à{gÜX Ho$bm hmoVm.
gZ 1997bm \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m§À`m nÞmgmì`m nwÊ`{VWr{Z{_Îm `m _hmËå`mÀ`m H$~arda Ë`m§Mm nyUm©H¥$Vr nwVim C^maÊ`mV Ambm. Ë`m§À`m Am{U \$mXa _moÝVoamo§À`m g_mYrda N>V C^maÊ`mV Ambo, AmOy~mOy§Zr bmoI§S>r JOm§Mo ~m§YH$m_ H$aÊ`mV Ambo. Om{H$`a~m~m dmnaV Agbobr KmoS>mJmS>rhr `m ñ_maH$mV R>odÊ`mV Ambr Amho. `m n[agamVrb H$moUVrhr ì`º$s KmoJaJmd `m VrW©joÌr Ambr Va `m ñ_maH$mbm AmdOy©Z ^oQ> XoVo. VoWo jU^a ñVãY amhÿZ H«w$gmMr IyU H$ê$Z Om{H$`a~m~m§Zm AmXam§Obr dmhVoM. Ë`m{Z{_Îm \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m§Mo EH$ V¡b{MÌ N>mnÊ`mV Ambo hmoVo. `m n[agamVrb AZoH$ {¼ñVr Kam§V hm a§JrV \$moQ>mo q^Vrda bmdbobm Amho ho _r nm{hbo Amho. `mMdfu eoOmaÀ`m dmhoJmdmVrb XodimÀ`m n[agamVhr Om{H$`a~m~m§À`m AYm©H¥$Vr nwVù`mMo AZmdaU H$aÊ`mV Ambo hmoVo.
Am¡a§Jm~mX {OëømVrb bmoH$m§_Ü`o Om{H$`a~m~m§~Ôb AZoH$ Am»`m{`H$m àM{bV AmhoV. ho Y_©Jwê$ JmdmoJmdÀ`m ^oQ>rda OmV AgV, Ë`mdoir amÌr PmonÊ`mgmR>r Ë`m§Zm Imobr Zgm`Mr. Ë`mdoir JmdmVrb bmoH$m§Zm Amnë`m_wio Hw$R>bmhr Ìmg hmoD$ Z`o åhUyZ Vo ñ_emZmV _w¸$m_ H$aV AgV, Ago OwZo AZoH$ bmoH$ gm§JV AgVmV.
KmoJaJmdMo Y_©Jwê$ \$mXa ñQ>r\$Z Aë_oS>m {¼ñVamOm _§{Xa n°[aeÀ`m ' {M§VZ' `m _wInÌmV nwT>rb AmdmhZ Ho$bo hmoVo: ''gH$b {¼ñVr ~m§Ydm§Zm {dZ§Vr H$aÊ`mV `oVo H$s _mirKmoJaJmd n°[ae_YyZ \$m. Om{H$`a~m~m `m§À`m OrdZmda nwñVH$ àH$m{eV H$aÊ`mMm Am_Mm _mZg Amho. `mgmR>r Á`m§À`m OrdZmV \$m. Om{H$`a `m§À`m _Ü`ñWrZo H$mhr M_ËH$ma KS>bo Amho, Zdg nyU© Pmbo Amho qH$dm AmOma ~ao Pmbo Amho, Ë`mMr gmj boIr ñdê$nmV qH$dm àË`j `oD$Z _m{hVr H$WZ H$amdr VgoM Om{H$`a \$mXam§À`m OrdZmVrb H$mhr KQ>Zm, àg§J AmnUmg _mhrV Agë`mg g§X^m©gh g§nmXH$mg H$idmdo.''
`m AmdmhZmg à{VgmX åhUyZ H$mhr ì`º$s§Zr Amnbo AZw^d gm§{JVbo. `mn¡H$s _w§~B©Vrb A§Yoar `oWrb Eg. E_. nmaIo `m§Mm nwT>rb boI 'qMVZ' _m{gH$mÀ`m E{àb 2004À`m A§H$mV à{gÜX Pmbm hmoVm:

^{dî`dmUr

nnm gm§JV AgV _mirKmoJaJmd `oWrb MM© ~m§YÊ`mMo AWH$ n[al_ \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m§Zr Ho$bo. MM©Mm OwZm _Zmoam nmSy>Z Zdm _Zmoam ~m§Ymd`mMm hmoVm. Vmo OwZm _Zmoam EH$m ~«Xam§Zr KUmÀ`m XmoZ Q>moë`m§_Ü`o nmS>bm hmoVm, Zdm C§M _Zmoam ~m§YyZ Ë`mda AdmT>ì` ~ob (K§Q>m) MT>dm`Mr hmoVr. Vr AdmT>ì` K§Q>m \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m§Zr EH$Q>çmZo da MT>{dbr hmoVr. Vr da MT>{dV AgVmZm Ë`m§Zm Iyn Ìmg Pmbm. Vo Iyn AmOmar nS>bo åhUyZ BÀN>m ZgVmZm Ë`m§Zm _m`Xoer naV Omdo bmJbo. VoWo AmVS>çmMo Am°naoeZ `eñdr Pmë`mZ§Va nyU© ~ao hmoD$Z Vo _mirKmoJaJmd `oWo naV Ambo. naXoemVyZ naV `oVmZm Ë`m§Zr EH$ J«m_mo\$moZ AmUbm hmoVm. Ë`mdarb JmUo EoH$m`bm JmdmVrb gd© bhmZWmoa _§S>ir O_m hmoV AgV. \$mXa KmoS>çmdê$Z amoO JmdmV \o$a\$Q>H$m _marV. Aem ~è`mMem AmR>dUr nnm Amåhmbm gm§JV AgV. na§Vw `m gdm©hÿZ doJir d gX¡d bjmV am{hbobr AmR>dU Ë`m§Zr Ho$bobr ^{dî`dmUr.
_mPo nnm _mirKmoJaJmd `oWo {eH$bo d Ë`m§À`m ghdmgmV ~aoM {Xdg hmoVo. \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m§À`m {eH$dUrMm _wbm§da ~amM à^md nS>V Ago. Ë`m_wioM EH$ {Xdg gm`§H$mir Mma _wbo \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m§À`m ê$_da Jobr d Ë`m§Zr Y_©Jwê$ hmoD$Z XodmMr godm H$aÊ`mMr BÀN>m àJQ> Ho$br. Ë`mda \$mXam§Zr Ho$di Ë`m§À`mH$S>o nmhÿZ pñ_V Ho$bo. Xwgè`m {Xder \$mXa dJm©V Jobo. gd© _wbm§Zr CRy>Z \$mXam§Zm A{^dmXZ Ho$bo. Z§Va \$mXa J§^ra AmdmOmV ~moby bmJbo. ''_wbm§Zmo, Vw_À`mVrb Mma _wbo Y_©Jwê$ hmoD$ BÀN>rV AmhoV.'' Z§Va Ë`m§Zr Mmahr _wbm§Zm C^o amhÊ`mg gm§{JVbo d àË`oH$mH$S>o diyZ åhUmbo, ''JmoqdX, Vy \$mXa hmoUma Zmhrg d b¾gwÜXm H$aUma Zmhrg. WmoamV, Vy {ddmh H$ê$Z gwIr g§gma H$aerb. AmZ§X (_mPo nnm), VwPo XmoZ {ddmh hmoVrb d ~ZgmoS>o, Vy \$mXa hmoerb.'' Am{U _moR>onUr Mm¡Km§À`mhr ~m~VrV \$mXam§Zr Ho$bobr ^{dî`dmUr V§VmoV§V Iar R>abr Amho.''
H°$Wmo{bH$ Y_©g§ñWoZo Om{H$`a~m~m§Zm g§V åhUyZ _mÝ`Vm {Xbobr Zmhr. _Xa Voaogm§À`m g§VnXmMm ~hþ_mZ XoÊ`mMr à{H$`m h„r Mmby Amho. g§VnUmMm hm ~hþ_mZ \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m§Zmhr XoÊ`mV `mdm Aer _mJUrhr Hw$Ur Ho$bobr Zmhr. BWë`m J«m_rU n[agamVrb bmoH$m§Zm Aem Am¡nMm[aH$ à{H«$`oMr Iao nm{hbo Va _m{hVrhr Zmhr qH$dm JaOhr ^mgV Zmhr. Jobr AZoH$ df} Amnë`m dmS>d{S>bm§H$Sy>Z Am{U BVam§H$Sy>Z ho bmoH$ Om{H$`a~m~m§À`m H$m_m{df`r, _hmZVog§~Yr AZoH$ H$Wm, X§VH$Wm EoH$V Ambo AmhoV. `m n[agamVrb bmoH$m§Zr Va KmoJaJmdÀ`m `m ào{fVmbm Ë`m§À`m h`mVrVM g§VnX ~hmb Ho$bo hmoVo.




Jacquierbaba seeks an end to exploitation of tamasha artistes


KmoJaJmdMo \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m (Am¡a§Jm~mX {OëømVrb {¼ñVr {_eZ H$m`© - B g.1892 nmgyZ)


H$m{_b nmaIo
gwJmdm àH$meZ
17) V_mg{Jam§Mo b¢{JH$, gm_m{OH$ emofU Am{U Om{H$`a~m~m

EHo$H$mir _amR>r {MÌnQ>g¥ï>rV V_memàYmZ {MÌnQ>m§Mr bmQ> Ambr hmoVr. ìhr. em§Vmam_ `m§Zr {X½X{e©V Ho$boë`m 'qnOam' `m {MÌnQ>mMm Zm`H$ Agbobm AmXe© {ejH$ JmdmV Ambobm V_memMm Ioi ~§X nmS>Ê`mMm à`ËZ H$aVmo. S>m°. lram_ bmJy `m§Zr gmH$mabobm hm emim_mñVa V_memem¡{H$Zm§À`m {damoYmMr {\${H$a Z H$aVm Amnë`m Z¡{VH$ ~imda EH$Q>çmZo V_memMm a§JmV Ambobm Ioi ~§X nmS>Ê`mMm à`ËZ H$aVmo. _wimV V_mem hm EH$ AZ¡{VH$ àH$ma Amho Am{U Amnë`m JmdÀ`m bmoH$m§Zm Ë`mnmgyZ Xya R>odUo ho Amnbo Z¡{VH$ H$V©ì` Amho, `m g_OmnmoQ>r ho _mñVa V_mem ~§X nmS>Ê`mMr YS>nS> H$aV AgVmV. V_memVrb ZV©H$sÀ`m ào_mV nSy>Z `m _mñVam§Mo Z§Va Z¡{VH$ AY:nVZ hmoVo hr Jmoï> {Zamir. _mÌ V_mem{df`r g_mOmV H$m` à{V_m hmoVr ho 'qnOam'Vrb AmXe© _mñVam§À`m ^y{_Ho$VyZ ñnîQ> hmoVo.
Am¡a§Jm~mX {OëømVrb KmoJaJmdmV Am{U AmgnmgÀ`m n[agamVrb Añn¥í` bmoH$m§Zr V_memV H$m_ H$ê$ Z`o, V_memÀ`m \$S>mbm hOoar bmdy Z`o Agm \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Mm AmJ«h hmoVm. Ë`m§À`m {damoYmg Z Ow_mZVm AmgnmgÀ`m EImÚm JmdmV V_memMm \$S> ^abm Va EoZ a§JmV Ambobm à`moJ Vo ~§X nmS>V AgV. V_mem `m bmoH$H$boMo OVZ H$aÊ`mgmR>r AmO {d{dY g§ñWm§V\}$ Am{U emgZmV\}$ à`ËZ Ho$bo OmV AmhoV. Joë`m eVH$mV `m {¼ñVr Y_©Jwê$Zo `m bmoH$H$bo{déÕ ^y{_H$m H$m KoVbr ho OmUyZ KoÊ`mgmR>r V_mem `m bmoH$H$boMo ñdê$n _m{hVr H$ê$Z KoVbo nm{hOo.
_mÂ`m bhmZnUr lram_nwamV AmR>dS>çmÀ`m ~mOmamÀ`m {Xder åhUOo ewH«$dmar ~mOmaVimnmerM V_memMo \$S> ^aV AgV. Am_À`m KamnmgyZ nmMeo _rQ>a A§Vamdarb _¡XmZmV V_memMo V§~y C^mabo OmV AgV. Á`oð> V_memH$bmd§V {dR>m~mB© ^mD$ _m§J Zmam`UJmdH$a, H$m§Vm~mB© gmVmaH$a Am{U Jwbm~~mB© g§J_ZoaH$a dJ¡a|À`m V_memÀ`m \$S>m§Mr {Xdg^a Mmbbobr Om{hamV Amåhr _wbo nmhmV Agy. _mÌ KamVrb dm eoOmanmOmamVrb Hw$Ur àm¡T>_§S>ir `m V_memÀ`m Ioimbm OmV ZgV. AmR>dS>çmÀ`m ~mOmambm `oUmao AmgnmgÀ`m IoS>çmnmS>çmVrb bmoH$M àm_w»`mZo `m bmoH$H$boMo Aml`XmVo AgV. Amåhm _wbm§Zm {gZo_mbm OmÊ`mg nadmZJr Ago. _mÌ EH$Xm Var V_mem hm H$m` àH$ma Agmdm `mMm AZw^d ¿`mdm Agm {dMmahr H$Yr _ZmV Ambm Zmhr, `mMo H$maU V_mem åhUOo EH$ Aíbrb H$m`©H«$_ Am{U Am§~Q>em¡H$sZ a{gH$m§Mo H$a_UwH$sMo gmYZ Agm gdmªMmM g_O hmoVm.
''V_mem H$boV Mmoanmdbm§Zr `oUmar AZ¡{VH$Vm hm Va qMVoMm {df` Amho. _hma, _m§J, Am{U H$moëhmQ>çmMr ~mB© ZmMdU§ Am{U n¡gm \o$Hy$Z {Vbm ZmJdU§ hr CÀMdUu` ga§Om_r _mZ{gH$Vm ~Xbbr Zmhr Va na§nam åhUyZ V_mem H$m {Q>H$dm`Mm, hmhr àíZ Amho,'' Ago V_mem H$boMo EH$ Aä`mgH$ S>m°. {_qbX H$g~o `m§Zr Amnë`m 'V_mem: H$bm Am{U H$bmd§V' `m nwñVH$mV {b{hbo Amho.1
darb nwñVH$mÀ`m àñVmdZoVM V_mem joÌmMr AJXr OdiyZ AmoiI Agbobo A{^ZoVo {Ziy \w$bo `m§Zr åhQ>bo Amho H$s ''_mJmg, Añn¥í` g_Oë`m OmUmè`m _hma, _m§J ,H$moëhmQ>r, Jmonmi AmXr OmVrMo H$bmH$ma V_memV OmñV AmhoV. Ë`m§ZrM hr H$bm {Q>H$dbr Amho. V_mem joÌmV H$O© hm EH$ _moR>m àíZ Amho. \$S>_mbH$ gmdH$mamH$Sy>Z H$O© KoVmV. V_memVbm H$bmH$ma \$S>_mbH$mH$Sy>Z H$O© KoVmV. AemàH$mao \$S>_mbH$ H$O©~mOmar, H$bmH$ma-H$m_Jma H$O©~mOmar, H$Om©da MmbUmam hm ì`dgm` Amho. H$Om©_wio H$moUrhr gwIr Zmhr. V_membm n¡go nwa{dUmao ~hþVoH$ gdU© AgVmV. V_memVrb ñÌr H$bmH$ma H$O©~mOmar Agob Am{U H$O© {\$Q>bo Zmhr Va {Vbm ^m§S>dbXmamÀ`m ñdmYrZ ìhmdo bmJVo. gVV Xm[aÐ`mV amhÿZhr ho H$bmH$ma V_membm H$m {MH$Qy>Z am{hbo Agm àíZ Zoho_r _mÂ`m _ZmV `oV Ago.'' H$Xm{MV V_mem H$bodarb ào_mnmoQ>rM hm dgm Ë`m§Zr ñdrH$mabm Agmdm, Ago Ë`m§Zr nwT>o åhQ>bo Amho.
ñdmV§Í`mZ§Va V_memda AíbrbVoMm Amamon Pmbm. Ë`m_wio _w§~B© amÁ`mMo _w»`_§Ìr ~mimgmho~ Ioa `m§Zr 1948 gmbr V_memda ~§Xr KmVbr Jobr. hr ~§Xr CR>mdr åhUyZ V_mem H$bmd§Vm§Zr à`ËZ Ho$bo. Ë`mdoir Ioa `§mZr _hm_hmonmÜ`m` XÎmmo dm_Z nmoVXma `m§À`m AÜ`jVoImbr V_mem gwYma g{_Vr Zo_br hmoVr. `m g{_VrZo V_memMo g§{H$Vm boIZ Am{U gmXarH$aUm~m~VrV H$mhr AQ>r KmVë`mZ§Va V_memdarb hr ~§Xr CR>dÊ`mV Ambr. V_memV Aíbrb g§dmX ZgmdoV, Xm¡bVOmXm H$aVmZm V_mgJra ZQ>rbm hmV bmdy Z`o dJ¡ao AQ>r bmdÊ`mV Amë`m.
nwUo {dÚmnrR>mÀ`m ndim nÇ>oamd~mnyamd gm{hË`, g§JrV, bmoH$H$bm AH°$S>o_r Am{U nmW\$mB§S>a B§Q>aZ°eZb `m g§ñWm§À`m dVrZo nwÊ`mV 2007 À`m Am°ŠQ>mo~amV V_mem _hmoËgd d H$m`©emim Am`mo{OV H$aÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr.Ë`m{Z{_Îm àH$m{eV H$aÊ`mV Amboë`m H$m`©H«$_n{ÌHo$V V_mem~Ôb _m{hVr {Xbr Amho. Ë`mZwgma V_mem eãX hm \$maerVyZ CXy©V Am{U CXy©VyZ _amR>rV Ambm Amho Ago {XgVo. V_mem hm àH$ma Á`m em{ham§Zr ê$T> Ho$bm Vmo emhra (emB©a hm _yi eãX) Aa~r ^mfoVyZ _amR>rV Ambm Amho. Ë`m_wio V_mem hm H$bmàH$ma _wgb_mZm§À`m à^mdmVyZ CX`mg Ambm Agmdm Ago H$mhr g§emoYH$m§Mo _V Amho. _hmamï´>mVrb OmJaU, Jm|Yi, ^méS>, b{iVo Am{U XemdVma `m bmoH$H$bm§Mmhr AWm©VM V_memda à^md Amho. gmYmaUV: V_mem hr bmoH$H$bm _hmamï´>mV _hma, _m§J, Jm|Yir, H$moëhmQ>r, S>m|~mar `m§À`mM hmVr am{hbr Ago `m n{ÌHo$Vhr ñnï> åhQ>bo Amho. C„oI Ho$boë`m `m gd© OmVr Añn¥í`, JmdHw$gm~mhoaÀ`m OmVrO_mVr. AWm©V `m bmoH$H$boMm AmñdmX KoUmao d n`m©`mZo `m H$bmH$mam§Mo {d{dY àH$mao b¢{JH$ emofU H$aUmao a{gH$OZ AWm©VM CƒdUu` hmoVo. V_memVrb órH$bmH$mam§Mo b¡{JH$ emofU H$aVmZm _mÌ `m H$bmdVm§Mr Añn¥í`Vm VodT>çmnwaVr ZOaoAmS> Ho$br OmV Ago ho {deof.
Amnë`m Xoem§V gd©M nma§n[aH$ ì`dgm` OmVtda AmYm[aV AmhoV Am{U gd© bmoH$H$bm§À`m ~m~VrVhr AerM n[apñWVr Amho. V_mem hr bmoH$H$bm àm_w»`mZo _hma Am{U _mV§J OmVrVrb bmoH$m§Zr {dH${gV Ho$br. `m Añn¥í` OmVrVrb _{hbm V_memV ZmMV Am{U JmV AgV Va nwéf_§S>ir T>mobH$r, VwUVwUo, _§{Oam, S>\$, hbJr, H$S> Am{U noQ>r hr g§JrVdmÚo dmO{dV AgV. Ë`mdê$Z `m bmoH$H$bobm Am{U {VÀ`mer g§~§{YV Agboë`m H$bmH$mam§Zm CÀMdUu`m§V H$m` à{Vð>m Ago `mMr H$ënZm H$aVm `oVo. V_memMm h§Jm_ nmdgmim Am{U eoVrMo H$m_o g§në`mZ§Va Xgam Vo Aj`V¥Vr`m `m H$mimV AgVmo. b½ZgamB©V dmO§Ìr H$m_, `mÌoÀ`m h§Jm_mV V_meo BË`mXrVhr _hma àm_w»`mZo AmT>iVmV.3 _r bhmZ AgVmZm KmoJaJmdmV _mPo _m_o^mD$ b½ZgamB©V {nnmUr, T>mobH$s dJ¡ao dmÚo dmOdV AgV ho _bm AmR>dVo. `m_mJMr H$maU_r_m§gm darb g§X^© dmMë`mZ§VaM _bm g_Obr. `mMm AW© dmÚoo dmO{dÊ`mMr H$bm Vo KamVrb Hw$UmH$Sy>Z qH$dm ZmVodmB©H$m§H$Sy>Z {eH$bo AgUma. Hw$Ur gm§Jmdo, H$Xm{MV _mÂ`m AmOmoimVrb _mPo H$mhr ZmVodmB©H$hr Ë`m§À`m VéUnUmV åhUOo \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§À`m H$mimV V_memVhr PrbH$ar dm BVa H$m_o H$aV AgVrb.
Á`oð> H$dr Zmam`U gwd} `m§Zr AÊUm^mD$ gmR>o `m§À`mdarb 1969 gmbr {b{hboë`m EH$m boImV V_mem{df`r Ho$bobr {Q>nÊUrhr `m g§X^m©V nmhVm `oB©b. gwdo© åhUVmV : ''n§Mdrg dfm©§nydu V_mem hm eãX EImÚm Añn¥í`mgmaIm dmnabm OmB©. V_mem åhUOo gä` bmoH$m§Zr, {eï> bmoH$m§Zr, AJa nmoir~mitZr Z nmhmdm, Agm ZmQ>H$mMm EH$ àH$ma. Ë`mV ZmÀ`mnmoè`m AgVmo, Vmo KmUoaS>o d Aíbrb hmd^md H$aVmo. e¥§Jm[aH$ d MmdQ> JmUr åhUVmo, Ë`mZo gwg§ñH¥$V _mUgm§Mr A{^éMr {~KS>Vo. V_mem H$aUmao Añn¥í` AgVmV d Vmo nmhmUo nmn Amho hr àMbrV ^mdZm Ë`m H$mimV hmoVr.''
V_mem `m bmoH$H$boMo bmoH$ZmQ>çmV ê$nm§Va hmoÊ`mAmYr nma§n[aH$ V_memVrb H$bmH$mam§Mr OmVr{df`H$ nmíd©^y_r, pñÌH$bmH$mam§Mo b¢{JH$ emofU Am{U `m bmoH$H$boVrb à`moJm§Vrb g§dmX Am{U ZmMJmÊ`m§Vrb AíbrbVm dJ¡ao g§X^© Ü`mZmV KoVbo åhUOo Om{H$`a~m~m§Zr V_membm H$m {damoY Ho$bm ho g_OVo. '[n§Oam' {MÌnQ>mVrb AmXe© _mñVahr Z¡{VH$ Ñï>rH$moZmVyZM V_memÀ`m Ioimg {damoY H$aV AgVmV. _hmamï´>mMo {dÚ_mZ Cn_w»`_§Ìr Ama. Ama. nmQ>rb `m§Zr nwT>mH$ma KoD$Z _hmamï´> amÁ`mV {~`a~ma_Ü`o _{hbm§À`m ZmMJmÊ`m§da ~§Xr KmVbr Amho. Ë`m_mJohr pñÌ`m§À`m b¢{JH$ emofUmg Am{U AíbrbVog {damoY AerM Ë`m§Mr ^y{_H$m Amho.
\$mXa Om{H$`a `m§À`m g§X^m©V à{gÕ Pmboë`m Hw$R>ë`mhr {bImUmV Ë`m§Zr V_membm Ho$boë`m {damoYmMm C„oI _mÂ`m dmMÊ`mV H$Yr Ambm Zmhr. _mÂ`m AmB©-d{S>bm§Zr Am{U KmoJaJmdmVrb _mÂ`m _m_m§À`m g§^mfUmV _mÌ `m~m~VMr MMm© _r AZoH$Xm EoH$br Amho. em§ËdZ Am{U dm_Z {eZJmao `m _mÂ`m XmoZ _m_m§Zr Om{H$`a~m~m§À`m N>H$S>çmda JmS>rdmZ åhUyZ H$m_ Ho$bo hmoVo, Ë`m_wio Ë`m§Zr gm§{JVbobr _m{hVr `m~m~V {dídmgmh© _mZVm `oB©b.
\$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m§{df`r KmoJaJmd n[agamV Añn¥í` {¼ñVr g_mOmV VgoM CÀMdUu` dJ¡ao _§S>irV _moR>m AmXa hmoVm. gaH$maXa~mar H$boŠQ>a Am{U VhgrbXma `m gma»`m A{YH$mè`m§er Am{U eoOmanmOmaÀ`m Jmdm§À`m nmQ>rb dJ¡ao _§S>iter Ë`m§Mo Iyn Mm§Jbo g§~§Y hmoVo. Am¡a§Jm~mX {OëømVrb d¡Omnya Am{U J§Jmnya VmbwŠ`m§Vrb AZoH$ Jmdm§Vrb Ë`m§À`m H$m_m§_wio, Ë`m§À`m {eñV{à` ñd^mdm_wio Ë`m§À`m {df`rMm EH$ àH$maMm Xamamhr Ago. CÀM{e{jV Am{U `wamo{n`Z Agë`mZo {~«{Q>e O_mÝ`mV gaH$maXa~margwÕm Ë`m§Mm dMH$ Ago. Ë`m_wio Om{H$`a~m~m§Zr Añn¥í`VmnmbZmgma»`m EImÚm A{Zï> dm AZ¡{VH$ gm_m{OH$ éT>rg {damoY Ho$bm Va Aemàg§Jr Ë`m§À`m {damoYmg OmÊ`mMr Hw$UmMr qh_V Zgm`Mr. Om{H$`a~m~m§Zr V_memÀ`m àWog {damoY Ho$bm Voìhmhr AgoM Pmbo AgUma.
KmoJaJmd Am{U AmgnmgÀ`m n[agamVrb _hma g_mOmVrb AZoH$ {¼ñVr ñÌr-nwéfhr Ë`mH$mimV V_memV H$bmH$ma åhUyZ H$m_ H$aV AgVrb `m{df`r e§H$mM Zmhr. V_memV ZmÀ`m qH$dm _mderMr ^y{_H$m H$aUmè`m nwéf ZQ>mbm bm§~ Ho$g amImdo bmJV Ago. `m J«m_rU ^mJmV AZoH$ df} amhÿZ `m bmoH$H$boMo EHy$U ñdê$n g_Oë`mZ§Va Hw$R>ë`mhr {¼ñVr Y_©Jwê$Zo Amnë`m Y_©J«m_mVrb {¼ñVr _{hbm§g V_memV ZmMÊ`mJmÊ`mnmgyZ namd¥Îm Ho$bo AgVo. {¼ñVr nwéf _§S>itZr V_memV Aíbrb ñdê$nmMr ZmMJmUr åhUy Z`o, ZmÀ`mMo H$m_ H$é Z`o `mgmR>r Ë`m§À`mdahr X~md AmUbm AgVm.Om{H$`a~m~m§Zr Va KmoJaJmd n[agamV Amnë`m Am`wî`mMr Mma XeHo$ Kmb{dbr. `m \o«§$M Y_©Jwê$Zo KmoJaJmdmV Amë`mZ§Va B§J«Or Am{U _amR>r ^mfm§da Mm§Jbo à^wËd {_idbo hmoVo. KmoJaJmdmVrb {¼ñVamOm _§{XamV Ë`m§Zr AZoH$ df} Zd{¼ñVr bmoH$m§Zm Vo _amR>r ^OZo, Jm`Zo {eH$dV AgV. V_membm Ë`m§Zr {damoY H$aÊ`mAmYr Ë`m§Zr `m bmoH$H$boÀ`m {d{dY A§Jm§Mm Aä`mg ZŠH$sM Ho$bm AgUma. KmoJaJmdÀ`m n§MH«$moerVrb JmdmVrb ~hþVoH$ Hw$Qw>§~mVrb gd© ì`º$s¨Zm Vo Mm§Jbo AmoiIV hmoVo. Ë`m§À`mn¡H$s AZoH$m§Zm Ë`m§Zr H$Yr Zm H$Yr _XV Ho$br hmoVr. Ë`m_wio EH$ ehmUr, OwUrOmUVr ì`º$s åhUyZ Amnë`m Y_©J«m_mVrb bmoH$m§Zm ehmUnUmMo H$mhr IS>o ~mob gwZmdÊ`mMm Ë`m§Mm h¸$ gdmªZmM _mÝ` hmoVm.
\$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Mm V_membm Agbobm H$S>dm {damoY nmhVm Vo KmoJaJmdmV AgVmZm `m bmoH$H$boMo à`moJ `m JmdmV Pmbo AgVrb `m{df`r XmQ> e§H$mM Amho. _mÌ AmgnmgÀ`m IoS>çm§V V_memMo Ioi hmoVM AgV. `mÌoÀ`m dm BVa Hw$R>ë`mhr {Z{_ÎmmZo V_memMo à`moJ Agbo åhUOo Ë`m JmdmVrb Am{U AmOy~mOyÀ`m n[agamVrb nwéf_§S>ir VoWo AmdOy©Z hOa amhmV AgV. V_memMo ho à`moJ amÌrM a§JV AgV. T>mobH$sÀ`m Am{U BVa nma§n[aH$ dmÚm§À`m Vmbmda V_mgJra _{hbm Am{U nwéf JmV Am{U ZmMV AgV. Aemdoir \$mXa Om{H$`a Amnbr KmoS>mJmS>r ~mhoa H$mTy>Z Ë`m AmdmOmÀ`m {XeoZo {ZKV. amÌrÀ`m doir ZXr qH$dm AmoT>o Amobm§Sy>Z V_memÀ`m OmJr Vo nmohmoMV AgV. Ë`m Añn¥í` ñÌr-nwéf H$bmH$mam§Zr V_memÀ`m _mÜ`_mVyZ hmoUmao Ë`m§Mo ñdV:Mo b¢{JH$ emofU amoImdo åhUyZ Ë`m§Zm CnXoe H$aV AgV. AZoH$Xm CnXoemEodOr Ë`m bmoH$m§Mr H$mZCKmS>UrM Ho$br OmV AgUma. V_memnWH$ _moJbmB© n[agamVrb Agbo Va Ë`mVrb ~hþVoH$ V_mgJra Om{H$`a~m~m§À`m Y_©J«m_mVrb {¼ñVr bmoH$M AgV.
V_memMm EoZ a§JmV Ambobm à`moJ AemàH$mao ~§X nmS>ë`mZ§Vahr ho V_mgJra XwgarH$S>o Hw$R>oVar V_memMo Ioi MmbyM R>odVrb åhUyZ \$mXa Om{H$`a Ë`m§Mr T>mobH$s, VwUVwUr, S>\$ dJ¡ao dmÚo Amnë`m Vmã`mV KoV AgV. H$bmd§{VUrÀ`m nm`mVrb Mma-nmM {H$bmo dOZmMo Kw§Jê$hr H$mTy>Z KoV. Ë`m{edm` nwéf H$bmH$mam§Zr ZmÀ`mMr qH$dm _mderMr ^y{_H$m H$é Z`o åhUyZ Ë`m§Zr bm§~ dmTdboë`m Ho$gm§Zmhr H$mÌr bmdV AgV.
Om{H$`a~m~m§À`m AmR>dUtZm _mPo AmB©dS>rb, _m_m Am{U BVa OwZr _§S>ir COmim XoV Voìhm ho \$mXa V_mem H$go ~§X nmS>V AgV ho `m{df`r h_Img ~mobbo OmB©. Om{H$`a~m~m§Zr V_mg{Ja§mH$Sy>Z Vmã`mV KoVboë`m Am{U Amnë`m KmoS>mJmS>rVyZ KmoJaJmdmV AmUboë`m T>mobH$r, V_mgJra H$bmd§{VUtMo K§wJê$, VwUVwUo, S>\$ dJ¡ao g§JrVdmÚm§Zr {_eZH§$nmD§$S>_Yë`m XmoZ Imoë`m ^aë`m hmoË`m ho _mPr AmB© AmOhr AmdOy©Z gm§JV AgVo. _mJo KmoJaJmdbm _r ^oQ> {Xbr Voìhm VoWrb _w»` Y_©Jwê$ \$mXa ñQ>r\$Z Aë_oS>m `m§Zrhr `mg XwOmoam {Xbm. V_mg{Jam§Mr Vr g§JrVdmÚo Xhm-n§Yam dfmªnydun`ªV {_eZ H§$nmD§$S>_Yrb H$mhr Imoë`m§V gm§^miyZ R>odÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr Ago Ë`m§Zr EoH$bo Amho Ago Ë`m§Zr _bm gm§{JVbo.
_hma-_m§J `m Añn¥í` OmVrVrb bmoH$m§gmR>r V_mem hr bmoH$H$bm Va CXa{Zdm©hmMo _w»` gmYZ hmoVo. g_mOmVrb `m gdm©{YH$ Cno{jV KQ>H$m§Mm Vm|S>Mm Kmg {hamdyZ KoÊ`mMm \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Mm _wirM CÔoe ZìhVm. V_mem~m~V Om{H$`a~m~m§Mr ^y{_H$m g_mOgwYmaH$mMr hmoVr. Amnë`m Y_©J«m_mVrb Añn¥í` bmoH$m§À`m Am{W©H$ Am{U CÞVrgmR>r \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Zr Am{U _moJbmB©Vrb qH$dm Ah_XZJa {OëømVrb BVa {_eZatZr AZoH$ àH$ën am~dbo hmoVo. bmoH$m§À`m AS>rAS>MUrÀ`m àg§Jr Vo YmdyZ OmV AgV. Amnë`m Y_©J«m_mVrb IoS>çm§Vrb _wbm§Zr gmja ìhmdo åhUyZ Om{H$`a~m~m§Zr AZoH$ Jmdm§V emim gwê$ Ho$ë`m hmoË`m. `m emim§V gd© OmVr-Y_mªÀ`m _wbm§Zm \w$H$Q> {ejU {Xbo OmV Ago. `m emim§À`m _mñVam§À`m {ZdmgñWmZm§Mm Am{U nJmamMm IM©hr \$mXa ñdV: CMbV AgV. V_memVrb H$m_ gmoS>bo Va `m bmoH$m§gmR>r CXa{Zdm©hmMr Xwgao n`m©`hr Ë`m§Zr CnbãY H$ê$Z {Xbo hmoVo. KmoJaJmdmV gÜ`m Cä`m Agboë`m C§M {eIadOm {¼ñVamOm _§{XamMo H$m_ EH$mo{Ugmì`m eVH$mÀ`m gwê$dmVrÀ`m H$mimV drg df} Mmby hmoVo. `m ~m§YH$m_m_wio AmgnmgÀ`m AZoH$ gwVma, Jd§S>r Aem Hw$eb H$mam{Jam§Zm VgoM BVa AZoH$ AHw$eb H$m_Jmam§Zm AZoH$ df} amoOJma CnbãY Pmbm hmoVm. Om{H$`a~m~m§Mm V_membm Agbobm {damoY Am{U `m bmoH$H$boMo à`moJ ~§X nmS>Ê`mgmR>r Ë`m§Zr Ho$bobm AmQ>m{nQ>m `mbm AWm©VM e§^a dfm©nyduÀ`m H$mimMm g§X^© Amho. Ë`mH$mimV pñÌ`m§Zr ZmQ>H$m§V dm {MÌnQ>m§V H$m_ H$aUogwÕm AZ¡{VH$ g_Obo OmB© Am{U Ë`m_wio AJXr ~mbJ§YdmªÀ`m H$mimn`ªV nwéfM pñÌ`m§À`m ^y{_H$m H$aV AgV. AmO emgZ Am{U {d{dY g§ñWm-g§KQ>Zm V_memgma»`m bmoH$H$bm§Mo OVZ H$aÊ`mgmR>r à`ËZ H$aV AmhoV. V_mem `m bmoH$H$boZo gmVmg_wÐmnma, nmpíM_mË` Xoemn`ªV _Ob _mabr Amho. _mÌ AOyZhr `m bmoH$H$boMm OmVr` g§X^© Zmhrgm Pmbobm Zmhr. ñdmV§Í`mZ§Va gmR> dfmªZ§Va, Añn¥í`Vm H$m`ÚmZo ~§X Pmë`mZ§Va AmOhr gaH$mar, {Z_gaH$mar Am{U ImgJr H$m`m©b`m§V g\$mB© H$m_Jma, ^§Jr, {enmB© dJ¡ao H$m_o nydm©l_rÀ`m Añn¥í` g_mOmVrbM bmoH$ H$aVmV. VgoM IoS>çmnmS>çm§V hmoUmè`m V_memVrb ~hþg§»` ñÌr-nwéf H$bmH$ma AmOhr _hma, _m§J, H$moëhmQ>r `m g_mOmVrbM AmhoV. 'AmOhr V_memV Jm`H$ åhUyZ _hma H$bmd§VmMr g§»`m OmñV à_mUmV Amho' Ago S>m°. H$g~o `m§Zr åhQ>bo Amho.4 '`m bmoH$H$boer {ZJ{S>V Agbobo X{bV OmVt{df`H$ g§X^© AOyZhr nwgbo Jobobo ZmhrV. '~«m÷UmKar {bìhZ§, _hmamKar JmU Am{U _m§JmKar dmOdU§' Am{U '_hmamM§ JmU§ Am{U _m§JmM§ S>\$S>§' Aem åhUr àM{bV AmhoV. X{bV OmVt{df`H$ `m g§X^mª_wio Am{U BVahr H$mhr H$maUm§_wio {MÌnQ>g¥ï>rVrb Am{U a§J^y_rdarb ñÌr-nwéf H$bmH$mam§Zm h„r {_iUmar à{Vð>m, YZàmár Am{U ½b°_aMo db` V_mg{Jam§À`m Z{e~r AOyZVar Zmhr.
V_mgJra H$bmd§Vm§Mo hmoUmao b¡§{JH$, Am{W©H$ Am{U gm_m{OH$ emofU AmOhr nyU©V: ~§X Pmbobo Zmhr. ho emofU ~§X H$aÊ`mgmR>r V_memMo à`moJ ~§X H$aÊ`mMr _wirM Oéar Zmhr. _mÌ Vm|S>mbm a§J \$mgyZ a§J_§MmdéZ, N>moQ>çm dm _moR>çm nS>Úm§dê$Z àojH$m§Mo _Zmoa§OZ H$aUmè`m H$bmH$mam§À`m dmQ>çmbm `oUmao Am{W©H$ Am{U BVa bm^ X{bV g_mOmVrb `m bmoH$H$bmH$mam§Zmhr {_imdoV Aer _m\$H$ Anojm ~miJm`bm haH$V Zmhr.Amnë`m _wbm§Zr Amnbm ì`dgm` nwT>o Mmby R>odmdm Ago à{VW`e S>m°ŠQ>am§Zm, amOH$s` nwT>mè`m§Zm Am{U BVa H$mhr joÌm§Vrb bmoH$m§Zm dmQ>V AgVo. V_mem hr bmoH$H$bm åhUyZ {Q>Hy$Z amhm`bm hdr, Ago åhUUmè`m Am{U Ë`mÑï>rZo à`ËZ H$aUmè`m bmoH$m§Zmhr Amnë`m _wbm~mim§Zr `m joÌmV n¡gm Am{U Zmd H$_dmdo Ago _ZmnmgyZ dmQ>bo VaM `m bmoH$H$bobm IaoM g_mO_mÝ`Vm Am{U à{Vð>m àmßV Pmbr Ago åhUVm `oB©b. Z{OH$À`m H$mimV V_mg{Jam§À`m Z{e~r hr à{Vð>m Am{U gwI {_iÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm Zgob Va ho H$bmH$ma V_membm H$m {MH$Qy>Z am{hbo Agm A{^ZoVo {Ziy \w$bo `m§Zm nS>bobm àíZ BVa Hw$Umbmhr nSy> eHo$b. Aem n[apñWVrV _J eVH$mnyduMo Om{H$`a~m~m§Mo Vo dV©Z IaoM g_W©Zr` hmoVo H$s H$m` Aerhr e§H$m EImÚmÀ`m S>moŠ`mV S>moH$mdy eHo$b.

g§X^© :

1) S>m°. {_qbX H$g~o, 'V_mem : H$bm Am{U H$bmd§V', gwJmdm àH$meZ, nwUo (2007 ) (nmZ 9)
2) darbà_mUo nmZ 29
3) {d. _. Xm§S>oH$a Am{U _. ^m OJVmn, '_hmamï´>mMr J«m_rU g_mOaMZm', àH$meH$: Y. am. JmS>Jri, JmoIbo AW©emó g§emoYZ g§ñWm, nwUo - 411 004 (1957), nmZ 20
4) Zmam`U gwd}, '_mUyg, H$bmd§V Am{U g_mO', nm°ß`wba àH$meZ, 35 gr, n§._mbdr` _mJ©, VmS>Xod, _w§~B© 400 034, (1992) (nmZ 68)
5) S>m°. {_qbX H$g~o, V_mem : H$bm Am{U H$bmd§V, (nmZ 51)

(nyd©à{gÜXr: 'gwJmdm' _m{gH$, nwUo, OmZodmar 2008 Am{U '{Zamoß`m' _m{gH$ Owb¡ 2008)





Fr Jacquierbaba challenges untouchability custom

KmoJaJmdMo \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m
(Am¡a§Jm~mX {OëømVrb {¼ñVr {_eZ H$m`© - B g.1892 nmgyZ)


H$m{_b nmaIo
gwJmdm àH$meZ
16) Añn¥í`VoÀ`m àWog Om{H$`a~m~m§Mo AmìhmZ

{_eZatÀ`m gm{ÞÜ`mV Amë`mZo Am{U [¼ñVr Y_© ñdrH$maë`mZo X{bV g_mOmMr _mZ{gH$VmM ~XbyZ Jobr. gX¡d Ý`yZJ§S>mZo {nS>boë`m Am{U g_mOmV Zoho_rM Imb_mZoZo dmdaUmè`m `m Añn¥í` bmoH$m§V àW_M AmnU CÀMdUu` g_mOmMr Jwbm_{Jar PwS>H$mdyZ bmdy eH$Vmo Agm AmË_{dídmg {Z_m©U Pmbm. eVH$mZweVHo$ MmbV Ambobr hr Jwbm_{Jar ZmH$maÊ`mMo _mZ{gH$ ~i Ë`m§Zm Ë`m§À`m _mJo I§~ranUo C^o Agboë`m Jmoè`m gmho~m§_wio Ambo hmoVo. Ah_XZJa, OmbZm Am{U Am¡a§Jm~mX {Oëøm§V H$m_ H$aUmao ~hþg§»` H°$Wmo{bH$ Am{U àmoQ>oñQ>§Q> {_eZar ho O_©Z, pñdËPbªS>, A_o[aH$m, \$mÝg dJ¡ao Xoem§VyZ Ambo hmoVo. Ë`m_Ü`o {~«Q>re ZmJ[aH$m§Mr g§»`m AË`§V ZJÊ` hmoVr. BVHo$M Zìho Va _hm`wÕmÀ`m H$mimV `mn¡H$s O_©Z ZmJ[aH$ Agboë`m {_eZatZm {~«{Q>e gaH$maZo Vwé§JmVhr Q>mH$bo hmoVo. Ago Agbo Var `oWrb bmoH$ `m gd© Jmoè`m H$mVS>rÀ`m naXoer {_eZatZm amÁ`H$V} {~«{Q>e bmoH$m§n¡H$sM g_OV AgV. `m gmho~m§À`m {déÕ OmÊ`mMr ghgm Hw$UmMr qh_V hmoV Zgo. H$maU X{bVm§da Pmboë`m Hw$R>ë`mhr gm_m{OH$ AÝ`m`m{déÕ hr {_eZar _§S>ir WoQ> gaH$ma Xa~mar XmX _mJyZ hm AÝ`m` Xya H$aV AgV.
{¼ñVr Pmë`mZ§Vahr ~hþg§»` Añn¥í`m§Mm _yiMm OrdZH«$_ ~Xbbm Zmhr. JmdmVbr _obobr T>moao CMbyZ Ý`m`Mr, `m T>moam§Mo _m§g Im`Mo, hmSw>bH$sMr O_rZ H$gm`Mr, JmdmVrb CÀMdUu`m§Zr gm§{JVbobr H$m_o H$am`Mr Am{U Ë`m~Xë`mV {_iob Ë`mda JwOamU H$am`Mr Agm Ë`m§Mm {XZH«$_ hmoVm. JmdmVrb daÀ`m OmVrMr _§S>ir Hw$R>ë`mhr jw„H$ H$maUmdê$Z Ë`m§Zm {edrJmi, _mahmU H$am`Mo. Agë`m AÝ`m`r dmJUwH$sMr Ë`m§Zm Zoho_rMrM gd` Agë`mZo Ë`m{déÕ CR>md H$amdm Ago Ë`m§À`m H$Yr _ZmVhr Ambo ZgVo. Hw$Ur Agm CR>md Ho$bm AgVm Va gJù`m JmdH$è`m§H$S>o Agboë`m ~{hîH$mamÀ`m AñÌm_wio Ë`m§Zm OJUo _wpîH$b Pmbo AgVo. {_eZatÀ`m AmJ_Zm_wio gX¡d Imbr _mZ KmbyZ Am{U Amnbo Vm|S> bndyZ MmbUmè`m `m _hma-_m§J JS>çm§À`m Am{U ~m`m§À`m nmR>rÀ`m H$Um§V hiyhiy ~i `oD$ bmJbo. H$m`_ Or gaH$ma, ìh` gaH$ma, Agm Kmof bmdUmar Ë`m§Mr Or^ _mÌ AmìhmZmMr ^mfm {eH$br Zmhr. \$mXa~mS>r dm {_eZ H§$nmD§$S>À`m n[agamV amhUmè`m `m g_mOmZo Hw$R>ë`mhr ñdê$nmÀ`m AmìhmZmV, g§Kfm©V dm MidirV ñdV:bm PmoHy$Z {Xbo Zmhr. {_eZatMo ~moQ> Yê$Z eŠ` hmoB©b Vr àJVr gmYÊ`mMm _mÌ `m g_mOmZo à`ËZ Ho$bm.
`wamonmVrb bmoH$m§Zm Jwbm_ Am{U Jwbm_{Jar ho eãX n[a{MV Agbo Var OmV Am{U Añn¥í`Vm `m g§H$ënZm g_OUo Vgo AdKS>M hmoVo. OÝ_V: Añn¥í`Vm Am{U Om{Vì`dñWm `m g§H$ënZm Am{U Ë`mMr eVH$mZweVHo$ H$mQ>oH$moa A§_b~OmdUr `m OJmÀ`m nmR>rda ^maVm{edm` BVaÌ Hw$R>ohr AmT>iV Zmhr. Ë`m_wio EImXr ì`º$s OÝ_V:M 'AZQ>Mo~b' Agy eH$Vo `mMo AmH$bZ H$aUo Ë`m§Zm {H$Vr AdKS> Jobo Agob `mMr AmnU Ho$di H$ënZmM H$ê$ eH$Vmo. g_mOmVrb AJXr ImbÀ`m nmVirdarb g_mOKQ>H$m§Zm _m`oZo Odi H$aUmè`m `m {_eZatZr `m bmoH$m§Zm _mZ{gH$, e¡j{UH$ Am{U Am{W©H$ ~i {_idyZ {Xbo. `m Añn¥í` bmoH$m§À`m _wbm§gmR>r g§J_Zoa, amhmVm, H|$Xi, KmoJaJmd, Am¡a§Jm~mX dJ¡ao n[agamV emim CKS>ë`m.
\$mXa Om{H$`a `m§À`m H$mimV _mÂ`m _m_mÀ`m ~m~VrV åhUOo gmYmaUV: 1930 À`m gw_mamg KS>boë`m `m KQ>ZoMo dU©Z _r _mÂ`m AmB©-d{S>bm§H$Sy>Z Am{U BVam§H$Sy>Z AZoH$Xm EoH$bo Amho. {_eZatZr Añn¥í` g_mOmg {H$Vr _mZ{gH$ ~i nwadbo `mMo ho EH$ AË`§V ~mobHo$ CXmhaU. EH$mo{Ugmì`m eVH$mV naXoer {_eZatZr Añn¥í`VoÀ`m àWobm Aem àH$mao AZoH$Xm AmìhmZ {Xbo AgUma. Amnë`m VéUnUmV dm_Z_m_m \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Mr KmoS>mJmS>r - N>H$S>m - MmbdV Ago. KmoJaJmd ho Am¡a§Jm~mX {OëømVrb d¡Omnya Am{U J§Jmnya VmbwŠ`m§À`m AJXr {edoda Agbobo Jmd. `m XmoZ VmbwŠ`m§Vrb _hmbJmd, dmhoJmd, daIoS> Am{U ~moaga `mgma»`m {d{dY IoS>çm§Zm ^oQ>r XoÊ`mgmR>r Om{H$`a~m~m OmV AgV, Voìhm Pw~Ho$Xma {_em§Mm VaUm~m§S> dm_Z {eZJmao hr KmoS>mJmS>r `m Jmdm§À`m doetVyZ _moR>çm PmoH$mV Xm¡S>drV ZoV Ago.
Ë`mH$mimV _hmamï´>mÀ`m BVa n[agam§à_mUoM _amR>dmS>çmVrb _hma-_mV§Jm§Zmhr gdUm©§er Hw$R>ë`mhr àH$mao ~amo~ar H$aÊ`mMr nadmZJr ZìhVr. Añn¥í`m§Zr Mm§Jbr H$nS>o Kmby Z`o, nm`VmU dmné Z`o, nm`VmU Agë`mg gdUm©§g_moa Vr H$mTy>Z ¿`mdrV Ago A{b{IV {Z`_ hmoVo. _hmam§Mm ZdaXod JmdmVyZ dm JmdÀ`m doerImbyZ KmoS>çmda ~gyZ dm dmOVJmOV ZoÊ`mg ~§Xr hmoVr. _hmamMo àoVhr JmdmVyZ ZoVm-AmUVm `oV Zgo.1 ñdmV§Í`nyd© H$mimV Añn¥í` {¼ñVr bmoH$m§À`m gm_m{OH$ n[apñWVrda nwÊ`mÀ`m B½ZmVr gmido _mñVa `m§Zr '{Zamoß`m' `m _m{gH$mV 1944 gmbr EH$ boI_m{bH$m {b{hbr hmoVr. Añn¥í` g_mOmbm Odi H$aUmè`m `wamo{n`Z {¼ñVr Y_©Jwê$§Zmhr g_mOmVrb CÀMdUu` H$_©R> bmoH$m§À`m N>im§g Vm|S> Úmdo bmJo, Ago Ë`m§Zr åhQ>bo Amho. `m boImV EH$ dmŠ` Ago Amho :
''Am_Mo JmdmV Am_Mo _wbrMo b½ZmMo doir Vw_Mm Zdam Jmdm§VyZ KmoS>çmda ~gdyZ ZoD$ ZH$m, nm`r MmbV Ý`m. Am_Mo A{VH«$_U hmoVo `m g~~rda JmdH$è`m§Zr Am_Mm d Am_À`m Jwéñdm_tMm Ho$dT>m N>i Ho$bm ho nwîH$im§Zr g_j nm{hbo Amho.''2
Aer n[apñWVr AgVmZm d¡Omnya Am{U J§Jmnya VmbwŠ`m§Vrb AZoH$ Jmdm§Vrb MmdS>rda hOa Agboë`m daÀ`m OmVrVrb bmoH$m§À`m AJXr ZmH$mda {Q>ÀMyZ EH$m Vê$U _hmamZo KmoS>mJmS>rVyZ doerImbyZ Aer E§Q´>r ¿`mdr hr KQ>Zm Hw$Umhr gdUm©bm MrS> AmUUmar hmoVr.Añn¥í`m§Zr Amnbm gd© ì`dhma JmdHw$gm~mhoa, doerÀ`m nbrH$S>oM H$amdm, Ë`m§Zr JmdmV `mdo Vo Ho$di JmdH$sMr H$m_o H$aÊ`mgmR>rM Aer àWm hmoVr. `m àWoMo C„§KZ H$ê$Z AZoH$ Jmdm§À`m doerImbyZ KmoS>mJmS>rVyZ EH$m Añn¥í`mZo Xm¡S>V Omdo hm àH$maM gdUmªÀ`m Ñï>rZo _moR>m Y¸$mXm`H$ hmoVm.
JmdHw$gm~mhoaÀ`m _hmadmS>çmV amhUmè`m dm_ZMr hr {hå_V ìhmdr `mMm AZoH$m§Zm g§Vmn Ambm hmoVm. nU H$aUma H$m` ~mnS>o, dm_Z_m_m§À`m `m KmoS>mJmS>rV _mJo Y_©Jwê$§Mm Amnbm nm§T>amew^« PJm Am{U S>moŠ`mda h°Q> KmbyZ Agbobo Jmoè`m H$mVS>rMo Om{H$`agmho~ ~gbobo Agm`Mo. dm_Zbm `m~m~V IS>gmdbo AgVo Va N>H$S>çmV ~gbobo Jmoao gmho~ IdiVrb `mMr gdmªZmM H$ënZm hmoVr. _yiMo \|$M Agboë`m Om{H$`a~m~m§Mm KmoJaJmdÀ`m n§MH«$moerV EH$ àH$maMm Xamam hmoVm. bmoH$m§Zr ZmMJmÊ`m§À`m Am{U bmdUrÀ`m _mJo bmJy Z`o `mgmR>r Om{H$`agmho~ _Ü`amÌr AJXr a§JmV Ambobo V_memMo {H$Vr Var Ioi Ho$di EH$Q>çmZo ~§X nmS>V AgV `mMr bmoH$m§Zm H$ënZm hmoVr. _mÌ Añn¥í` dm_Zbm doerImbyZ KmoS>mJmS>rZo ZoÊ`mnmgyZ amoIUo Amdí`H$ hmoVo, ZmhrVa JmdmVrb BVa _hma-_m§JgwÕm gmoH$bo OmÊ`mMr eŠ`Vm hmoVr. _mÌ `mda Cnm` H$m` hoM `m gdUmªZm H$iV ZìhVo.
AgoM EH$Xm dm_Z_m_m EH$m JmdmÀ`m doerImbyZ N>H$S>m ZoV AgVmZm Ë`m JmdÀ`m nmQ>bmbm Amnbm g§Vmn AmdaVm Ambm Zmhr.
''Aa§ E åhmam, bB© _mO MT>bm` H$m` a§ Vwbm ? doerImbyZ N>H$S>m KoD$Z Mmbbm ìh` ? Imbr CVê$Z MmbV Om`bm H$m` Pmb§ a§ Vwbm ?'' nmQ>bm§Zr Ë`mbm XaS>mdyZ {dMmabo.
`m XaS>mdUrZo dm_Z_m_m§Zr KmoS>mJmS>rMm doJ EH$X_ H$_r Ho$bm. N>H$S>çmVyZ Imbr CVê$Z, bJm_ hmVr Yê$Z Vmo doerImbyZ N>H$S>m ZoD$ bmJbm. \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Zm _mÌ ho g§^mfU bJoM H$imbo Zmhr. KmoS>mJmS>r nwT>o {ZKmë`mZ§Va \$mXam§Zr ImoXyZ ImoXyZ {dMmabo Voìhm Hw$R>o dm_Z_m_m§Zr Ë`m JmdMm nmQ>rb H$m` åhUV hmoVm ho Ë`m§Zm gm§{JVbo. Añn¥í` AgUmè`m `m JmS>rdmZmg doerVyZ JmdmV {eaVm§Zm KmoS>mJmS>rVyZ ~gyZ OmÊ`mg ñn¥í` bmoH$ _ZmB© H$aVmV ho Om{H$`a~m~m§Zm H$imbo Voìhm Ë`m§Mo {nÎm Mm§JboM Idibo. `m JmS>rV _mJo H$moUr ñn¥í` dm `wamo{n`Z ~gbo Var Ë`m_wio JmS>rdmZmÀ`m Añn¥í` XOm©V H$mhr ~Xb hmoV ZìhVm. Añn¥í` ì`º$sZo Amnbr nm`ar AmoiIyZ àMbrV àWoZwgma dmJmdo Aer Ë`m JmdÀ`m nmQ>bmMr Am{U BVa ñn¥í` _§S>itMr Anojm hmoVr.
VmnQ> ñd^mdm~Ôb à{gÕ Agbobo \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Zm nmQ>bmÀ`m g§^mfUm_mJMo VH©$emó H$imbo. Añn¥í`VoÀ`m `m àWo_wio Ë`m§À`m JmS>rdmZmMm Am{U n`m©`mZo IwÔ Ë`m§Mmhr hmoUmam An_mZ ghZ H$ê$Z KoUo eŠ`M ZìhVo.
nwT>À`m EH$m Xm¡è`mÀ`m doir Ë`m JmdÀ`m hÔrVyZ KmoJaJmdmV naVVmZm Om{H$`a~m~m§Zr dm_Z_m_m§Zm KmoS>mJmS>r Zoho_rà_mUo doerImbyZ KoÊ`mMm hþHy$_ Ho$bm. Km~aV Km~aV dm_Z_m_m§Zr JmS>r doerH$S>o didbr Voìhm JmdMo nmQ>rb MmdS>rdaM hmoVo. Om{H$`a~m~m§Mm N>H$S>m {Yå`m{Yå`m doJmZo doerH$S>o `oD$ bmJbm VgVgo nmQ>rbH$sMo aº$ ZgmZgm§V {^Zboë`m nmQ>rb~wdm§Zm amhdoZm. Vm~S>Vmo~ nwT>o `oD$Z Ë`m§Zr Vo dmhZ AS>dbo. eobŠ`m {eì`m hmgS>V Ë`m§Zr KmoS>çmMm bJm_ dm_Z_m_m§H$S>y>Z {hgH$mdyZ KoVbm Am{U Ë`m§À`m hmVmVrb doVhr Xya \o$Hy$Z {Xbm.
Amnë`m JmS>rdmZmbm Hw$R>ë`mVar nÕVrZo {damoY hmoB©b Aer Om{H$`a~m~m§Zm WmoS>r\$ma H$ënZm hmoVrM. _mÌ ho àH$aU `m Wambm OmB©b Ago H$mhr Ë`m§Zm dmQ>bo ZgUma. Amnë`m dmhZmbm doerVyZ JmdmV {eaÊ`mg Agm à{V~§Y ìhmdm Am{U Vmohr Añn¥í`VoÀ`m H$maUm_wio ho \$mXa Om{H$`aZm ghZ hmoUo eŠ` ZìhVo. Ago åhUVmV H$s Ë`mjUr Om{H$`a~m~m N>H$S>çmVyZ Imbr CVabo Am{U Ë`m à_mXm~Ôb Ë`m nmQ>bmMr ^anya {nQ>mB© Ho$br. EdT>çmdaM Z Wm§~Vm Z§Va Am¡a§Jm~mXbm OmD$Z Ë`m§Zr nmobrg ImË`mV Am{U H$boŠQ>aH$S>ohr `m~m~V VH«$mahr Ho$br. EH$m `wamo{n`ZmMr KmoS>mJmS>r AS>{dÊ`mMo ho àH$aU Ë`m JmdÀ`m nmQ>bmbm nwT>o \$maM ÌmgXm`H$ R>abo. nm{Q>b~wdm§Zr Z§Va Om{H$`a~m~m§Mr Pmë`m KQ>Zo~m~V _m\$s _m{JVbr. Amnë`m ñd^mdmZwgma \$mXam§Zr Ë`m§Zm VËH$mi j_mhr Ho$br Am{U ho àH$aU EH$XmMo {_Q>bo.
EH$m JmdÀ`m nmQ>bmg Añn¥í`VoÀ`m àWo_wio {_imboë`m Ë`m àgmXmMr Ë`mH$mimV n§MH«$moerV ^anya MMm© Pmbr Agmdr. H$maU Ë`mH$mimV Vê$U Agboë`m AZoH$m§H$Sy>Z øm KQ>ZoMo H$m¡VwH${_lrV Am{U H$mhr A{Ve`mo{º$`wº$ dU©Z _r AZoH$Xm EoH$bo Amho. øm KQ>Zo_wio daÀ`m OmVrVrb bmoH$m§Zm Oa~ ~gbr AgobM. Ë`m{edm` {¼ñVr _hmam§Zm {H$Vr hÎmtMo _mZ{gH$ ~i {_imbo Agob `mMr H$ënZm H$aVm `oVo.
_amR>dmS>çmV Am{U Ah_XZJa {Oëô`mV Joë`m XmoZeo dfmªÀ`m H$mimV eo-XrS>eo naXoer Y_©Jwê$§Zr H$m_ Ho$bo Amho. Ë`mn¡H$r Wmoa _hmË_o Am{U g§V åhUyZ JUë`m Joboë`m {_eZat_Ü`o Om{H$`a~m~m§Mm Am{U g§J_ZoaÀ`m ew{~Ja~m~m§Mm g_mdoe hmoVmo. Om{H$`a~m~m§À`m KmoJaJmd `oWrb g_mYrnmer Ë`m§Mr KmoS>mJmS>rhr R>odÊ`mV Ambr Amho. Om{H$`a~m~m§{df`r AmXa`wŠV ^mdZm AgUmao ^m{dH$ `m g_mYrbm ^oQ> XoVmV, Voìhm Om{H$`a~m~m§{df`r§À`m AZoH$ ñ_¥VtZm COmim {_iV AgVmo.

g§X^© :

1) S>m°.Eb.dm`.Am¡Ma_b, 'Am§~oS>H$ar Midi Am{U h¡Xam~mX g§ñWmZmVrb X{bV _wº$s g§J«m_', àH$meH$: Cfm dmK, gwJmdm àH$meZ, 861/1, gXm{ed noR> , nwUo - 411 030 (àW_md¥Îmr 1997) (nmZ 113)
2)'{Zamoß`m' _m{gH$, _o 1944, àH$meH$ : gmogm`Q>r Am°\$ {OPg (`oeyg§K), ñZohgXZ, e{Zdma noR>, nwUo 411 030 (nmZ 148)

(nyd©à{gÜXr:' H$m{_b nmaIo, 'JmdHw$gm~mhoaMm {¼ñVr g_mO', àH$meH$: Cfm dmK, gwJmdm àH$meZ, nwUo (2007) Am{U {Zamoß`m' _m{gH$, OyZ 2008)





Fr Jacquier in Rahata, mission work in Kendal, Sangamner,

KmoJaJmdMo \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m
(Am¡a§Jm~mX {OëømVrb {¼ñVr {_eZ H$m`© - B g.1892 nmgyZ)


H$m{_b nmaIo
gwJmdm àH$meZ



11) amhmVm `oWrb ào{fV H$m`©


amhmË`mbm ~Xbr Pmë`mda VoWo \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Zr Amnë`m Zoho_rÀ`m CËgmhmZo ào{fV H$m`© Mmby R>odbo. Amnë`m 3 Am°JñQ> 1916 À`m amoO{ZerV Ë`m§Zr {b{hbo hmoVo. "" amhmVm `oWo _r 1915 À`m Am°ŠQ>mo~anmgyZ Amho. VrZ hOma bmoH$g§»`oMo, ~è`mn¡H$s añVo, nmoñQ> Am°\$sg Am{U Q>o{bJ«m\$ Am°\$sg Agbobo ho EH$ gw§Xa Jmd Amho. `oWrb H$mbì`mÀ`m nmÊ`m_wio gwnrH$ Pmboë`m `m nR>mamdaMr O_rZ gJirH$S>o CgmÀ`m {nH$mZo PmH$br Jobr Amho. amhmVm {_eZ nmM dfmªnydu gwê$ Pmbo. g§J_Zoa {_eZ H|$ÐmVyZ {Z_m©U Pmboë`m `m {_eZñWmZmV gÜ`m 1 hOma 700 {¼ñVr bmoH$, H°$Q>o{H$ñQ> à{ejU H|$Ðm§V 16 _mñVa Am[U 20 {dÚmWu AmhoV. `oWrb IoS>çmnmS>çm§Zm ^oQ>r XoÊ`mgmR>r Mm§Jbo añVo AmhoV. _w»` JmdmnmerM H§$nmD§$S>_Ü`o MM© Am{U AmD$Q>hmD$gog ~m§Ybr AmhoV. `oWyZ OdiMo aoëdo ñQ>oeZ 10 _¡b Xya Amho. amhmVm ho BVa {_eZ H|$Ðm§À`m AJXr H|$ÐñWmZr Amho. `oWyZ g§J_Zoa 26 _¡b Amho. diU 26 _¡b, H|$Xi 28 _¡b, KmoJaJmd 28 _¡b Va ~moaga 32 _¡b Amho.
Ah_XZJa `oWo O_©Z `wÕH¡$Úm§Mm H°$ån Amho. Im§S>dm `oWrb \$mpÝgñH$Z ~«Xam§Zm VoWo R>odÊ`mV Ambo Amho. {demImnÅ>U_Mo \$mXa H«$mâQ>gwÕm VoWoM AmhoV. gd© O_©Z Y_©Jwê$§Mr `wamonmV admZJr H$aÊ`mV Ambr Amho Am{U Vo AmVm hm°b§S>bm nmohmoMbo AmhoV. Xhm d`mod¥Õ `oeyg§Kr` Y_©Jwé§Zm _mÌ nwÊ`mOdi I§S>mim `oWo R>odÊ`mV Ambo Amho. `m XhmOUm§_Ü`o g§J_ZoaMo \$mXa dmB©ghm¡ßQ> AmhoV. ~amo~a drg dfmªnydu åhUOo 1896 gmbr _r g§J_Zoa {_eZ H|$ÐmV am{hbmo hmoVmo.""
Ah_XZJa Am{U Am¡a§Jm~mX {Oëô`m§Vrb gd© {_eZ H|$ÐmVrb H°$Q>o{H$ñQ>m§gmR>r AMbnya `oWo 1917 À`m 2 Vo 6 _o `m H$mimV Vn Am`mo{OV H$aÊ`mV Ambo hmoVo. KmoJaJmd, ~moaga, H|$Xi, diU, amhmVm, g§J_Zoa `oWrb {_eZ H|$Ðm§Vrb 130 H°$Q>o{H$ñQ> `m Vnmbm hOa hmoVo. `m gd© {_eZ H|$Ðm§V Ë`mdoir EHy$U 13 hOma H°$Wmo{bH$ hmoVo.
amhmVm, H|$Xi Am{U nwÊ`mVrb IS>H$s `oWo \$mXa Om{H$`a, ~oO} Am{U nmbwEb Amnbo H$m`© H$aV AgVm§Zm {~en H$m°nob Ah_XZJa Am{U nwUo {Oëô`m§V AZoH$Xm ^oQ>rda `oV AgV. nwÊ`mMo {~en S>mo[a¨J _hm`wÕm_wio qhXwñWmZm~mhoa am{hë`mZo {~en `m ZmË`mZo ZdY_mªV[aVm§Zm ÑT>rH$aUmMm g§ñH$ma XoÊ`mgmR>r 1916, 1917, Am{U 1919 ZmJnwamVyZ Vo BH$S>o Xm¡è`mda Ambo hmoVo. _moQ>maJmS>çm§Mr Ë`m H$mimV gw{dYm Zgë`mZo KmoS>mJmS>rZo {H$Ë`oH$ {Xdg àdmg H$aV Vo Amnbo ào{fVr` H$m`© H$aV hmoVo.
Amnë`m `m Xm¡è`m~m~V {~en H$m°nob `m§Zr 28 {S>g|~a 1917 À`m amoO{ZerV {b{hbo Amho, ''_amR>r {_eZÀ`m (Ah_XZJa {OëømVrb H|$Xi, g§J_Zoa, amhmVm Am{U diU) Xm¡è`mZ§Va _r nwÊ`mbm OmD$Z \$mXa nmbwEb `m§Zm ^oQ>bmo. gm`H$bdê$Z Imbr nS>ë`mZ§Va _m§S>rMo hmS> _moS>ë`m_wio VrZ _{hZo XdmImÝ`mV amhÿZ Vo ZwH$VoM naVbo AmhoV. IS>H$s H°$ånmV {_{bQ>ar M°ßboZ åhUyZ Vo nwÝhm éOy Pmbo AmhoV. VoWrb gd©OU Ë`m§À`m~m~V Iyn Iyf AmhoV. \$mXa nmbwEb `m§À`m n°[ae_Ü`o Iyn _moR>r {_{bQ>ar hm°pñnQ>ëg AmhoV Am{U VoWrb ì`dñWm IynM Mm§Jbr Amho.""
{~en nwT>o {b{hVmV : _w§~B©Odi I§S>mim `oWrb S>m|Jamda {~«{Q>e gaH$maZo Xhm d¥Õ O_©Z Y_©Jwê$§Zm amhÊ`mg nadmZJr {Xbr Amho. _mÌ Y_©Jwê$ `m ZmË`mZo Hw$R>brhr H$m_o H$aÊ`mg Ë`m§Zm _w^m Zmhr. _bm ^oQy>Z Ë`m§Zm IynM AmZ§X Pmbm. BVa `wÕH¡$XtZm Ah_XZJa H°$ånmVrb Vwé§JmV R>odÊ`mV Ambo Amho. VoWo Im§S>dm `oWrb O_©Z ~«Xam§Zm Am{U B©ñQ> Am{\$Ho$VyZ AmUboë`m hmobr KmoñQ> \$mXam§Zm WmoS>m doi ^oQ>Ê`mg _bm nadmZJr XoÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr. ho gJio \$mXg© IamoIaM Aëgo{eEÝg AmhoV Am{U Ë`m_wio Ë`m§Mr bdH$a Vwé§JmVyZ gwQ>H$m hmoB©b Aer _r Amem H$aVmo. ""

12) amhmVm, H|$Xi Am{U g§J_Zoa_Yrb gm_m{OH$ pñWVr

`oeyg§KmZo Amnë`m ào{fVH$m`m©gmR>r _w§~B© gaY_©àm§V Am{U nwUo Y_©àm§V {ZdS>bm hmoVm. {_eZarO Am°\$ g|Q> \$mpÝgg S>r goë²g qH$dm \$mÝg{bAZ `m Xwgè`m H°$Wmo{bH$ Y_©Jwê§$À`m g§ñWoZo Ë`mdoiÀ`m {dembH$m` ZmJnya Y_©àm§VmV Amnbo H$m_ gwê$ Ho$bo hmoVo. {~en \$mpÝgg H$m°nob (1867-1933) ZmJnya Y_©àm§VmMo à_wI `m ZmË`mZo {Za{Zamù`m {_eZ H|$Ðm§Zm ^oQ>r XoV AgV. Ë`mdoiÀ`m KQ>Zm§À`m Zom§Xr Ë`m§Zr {b{hë`m AmhoV. AmgnmgÀ`m n[agamMo, KQ>Zm§Mo gyú_ {Z[ajU H$aÊ`mMr Ë`m§Mr gd` hmoVr.Ë`m§Zr {b{hboë`m `m Zm|Xr§dê$Z {dgmì`m eVH$mVrb n{hë`m nmdeVH$mÀ`m g_mOpñWVrMr _m{hVr {_iVo.
9 _o 1999 À`m amoO{ZerV {~en H$m°nob `m§Zr {b{hbo Amho : JmoXmdarÀ`m XmoÝhr Vram§darb {_eZñWmZm§À`m Xm¡è`mda _r gÜ`m Amho. ZÚm ho {d^mOZ H$aÊ`mEodOr OmoS>Ê`mMoM H$m_ H$aVmV ho gd©lwV Amho. JmoXmdar ZXr hr {~«{Q>em§À`m _w§~B© ào{gS>oÝgr Am{U h¡Xam~mXÀ`m {ZOm_ amOdQ>r§_Yrb amOH$s` gahÔ Amho. hr ZXr nwUo Am{U ZmJnya Y_©àm§Vm§Mrhr gahÔ Amho. JmoXmdarÀ`m XmoÝhr ~mOy§Zm AmT>iUmè`m _amR>r OmVr g_mZ AmhoV.
JmoXmdarÀ`m nmÌmV nmUr dmhVo Voìhm Vr àM§S> {demb AgVo. hëbr _mÌ {VMm àdmh BVH$m N>moQ>m Pmbm Amho H$s _r EH$m nmdbmV hr ZXr Amobm§S>Vmo Amho. Jobr XmoZ df} Am_À`m `m ^mJm§V nmD$g Pmbm Zmhr Am{U Ë`m_wio g§nyU© {Oëô`mbm XwîH$mimZo Koabo Amho.
nwÊ`mÀ`m A°nmoñVmo{bH$ A°S>{_{ZñQ´>oQ>aÀ`m {Z_§ÌUmdê$Z _r _amR>r {_eZ_Ü`o ÑT>rH$aU ñZmZg§ñH$ma XoÊ`mgmR>r Ambmo Amho. _Z_mS> Am{U ^wgmdi `m _hÎdmÀ`m aoëdo O§ŠeZ_Ü`o 80 bmoH$m§Mo ÑT>rH$aU Pmbo.
amhmË`mbm \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Zr Amnë`m {¼íMZ bmoH$m§Zm ÑT>rH$aUmÀ`m nyd©V`margmR>r Jmoim Ho$bo Amho. {_eZ H|$Ðm§V ho bmoH$ amhÊ`mgmR>r `oVmV, Voìhm amoO§XmarMo H$m_ H$aUmè`m `m Jar~ bmoH$m§Mr _Owar ~wS>Vo. Ë`m_wio \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Zm `m bmoH$m§À`m OodUmMrhr ì`dñWm H$amdr bmJVo.
Y_©{ejUmÀ`m nyd©V`marMm Aä`mgH«$_ nyU© Ho$boë`m 89 OUm§Zm _r ~m{áñ_m {Xbm Am{U 230 bmoH$m§Zm ÔT>rH$aU ñZmZg§ñH$ma {Xbo. nmMeo bmoH$m§Zr àm`píMÎm Ho$bo Am{U n{dÌ H$å`w{Z`Z ñdrH$mabo.
\$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Zr amhmVm ehamV _hÎdmMo `omJXmZ Ho$bo Amho, Ë`m_wio Vo `oWrb qhXy bmoH$m§V Iyn bmoH$[à` AmhoV. Ë`m§À`m H¥$VkVoMo EH$ àVrH$ åhUyZ Ë`m§Zr Am_Mm _moR>m ZmJar gËH$ma Am`mo{OV Ho$bm hmoVm. Ë`m{edm` VoWrb H$mhr lr_§V ì`mnmè`m§Zr O_boë`m 600 {¼íMZm§gmR>r OodU H$aÊ`mgmR>r YmÝ`hr nwadbo.
amhmË`mhyZ g§J_Zoa 60 {H$bmo{_Q>a A§Vamda Amho. Amåhr nhmQ>o XmoZ dmOVm CRy>Z {_ñgm gmOar Ho$br Am{U nhmQ>o gmS>oVrZÀ`m gw_mamg àdmgmg gwê$dmV Ho$br. \$mXa Om{H$`a ho ñdV: _mPo M°ßboZ Am{U Q>m§½`mMo JmS>rdmZ `m XmoÝhr ^y{_H$m nma nmS>V hmoVo. Ë`m§Mo Vo XmoZ N>moQ>o KmoS>o Vmer Xhm {H$bmo_rQ>a `m doJmZo A§Va H$mnV hmoVo. g§J_Zoabm Amåhr gH$mir gmS>oZD$bm nmohmoMbmo. bdH$a nmohmoMë`m_wio Ë`m {Xdgm§V ^aXwnmar AgUmè`m 40 Vo 45 A§e gopëeAg Vmn_mZmV àdmg H$aÊ`mÀ`m ÌmgmVyZ Amåhr dmMbmo hmoVmo. VoWo \$mXa ew{~Ja `m ñdrg Y_©Jwê$§Zr Amnë`m IoS>çmnmS>çm§Vrb gd© {¼ñVr bmoH$m§Zm ~mobmdbo hmoVo. àm`píMÎm ñZmZg§ñH$ma EoH$Ê`mMo H$m_ amÌr C{eamn`ªV Mmby hmoVo. Xwgè`m {Xder gH$mir 220 bmoH$m§Zm _r ÑT>rH$aU ñZmZg§ñH$ma {Xbm. Ë`m gUm{Z{_Îm V`ma Ho$ë`m OmUmè`m gmÜ`mM nU _moR>çm à_mUmV Ho$ë`m OmUmè`m ñd`§nmH$mMr V`mar g§nyU© {Xdg^a Amåhr nmhmV hmoVmo. ^aS>boë`m JìhmV Jyi (hm D$g {nH$dUmam Xoe Amho.) Q>mHy$Z Vo {_lU ^ë`m_moR>çm H$T>`m§_Ü`o {eOdbo OmV Amho.
amÌr _mñVam§Zr Am{U _moR>çm _wbm§Zr EH$ ZmQ>H$ gmXa Ho$bo. H$~wbrO~m~mÀ`m Ame`mda Agbobo ho ZmQ>H$ gZ 1885 _Ü`o EoŠ`-EZ àm°pìhÝg_Ü`o (?) KS>boë`m EH$m gË`KQ>Zoda AmYm[aV hmoVo. ^maVr` bmoH$ Mm§Jbo ZQ> AmhoV. `m ZmQ>H$mVrb H$mhr àg§J Va IynM à^mdr hmoVo. Y_©Jwê$Mr ^y{_H$m H$aUmè`m ZQ>mZo Am{U Ë`mMà_mUo IwÝ`m ì`º$sMr ^y{_H$m H$aUmè`mZohr Mm§Jbm A{^Z` Ho$bm.
^rfU XwîH$mim_wio `oWo Mmè`mMm àM§S> VwQ>dS>m Amho. EH$V¥Vr`m§e OZmdao AmVmn`ªV XJmdbr AmhoV. \$mXa ew{~Ja Amnë`m Jar~ {¼íMZm§Zm {d{dYàH$mao _XV H$aV AmhoV. `m bmoH$m§À`m JmB©, dmgao, Am{U ~¡bm§gmR>r Ë`m§Zr VmËnwaVr N>mdUr CKS>br Amho. Owb¡n`ªV nmD$g nSy>Z ZdrZ JdV CJdon`ªV `m OZmdam§Zm OJdÊ`mgmR>r \$mXa àË`oH$ OZmdam_mJo Xa_hm Ho$di XmoZ én`o \$s KoVmV. Am{U `m OZmdam§Zm OJ{dÊ`mgmR>r Vo H$m` H$aVmV? H$S>ã`mA^mdr {ZdSw>§JmMr nmZo ImD$Z Ord dmMdÊ`mMo à{ejU Vo `m OZmdam§Zm XoVmV. gd©àW_ {ZdSw>§Jm§Mr nmZo AmJrVyZ {\$adyZ Ë`mVrb H$mQ>o H$mT>bo OmVmV. Z§Va nmZm§Mo VwH$S>o H$ê$Z Ë`m§V _rR> Am{U WmoS>o\$ma YmÝ` {_gibo OmVo.H$mhr JmB© _mÌ \$maM _mZr ñd^mdmÀ`m AgVmV Am{U AemàH$maMr AYmoJVr nËH$aÊ`mnojm _aU H$dQ>miVmV. _mÌ ~hþVoH$ OZmdao ho {_lU ImÊ`mg gwê$dmV H$aVmV. Aem àH$maMm Mmam H$ï> H$aUmè`m ~¡bm§Zm nwaogm ZgVmo. _mÌ nmD$g nS>on`ªV Ë`m§Zm Ho$di {Od§V R>odÊ`mgmR>r Vmo nwaogm Amho.
g§J_ZoahÿZ H|$Xi 75 {H$bmo_rQ>a A§Vamda Amho. {Zåå`m A§Vamda VoWrb \$mXa ~oO} `m§Zr nmR>{dbobo dmhZ _mPr dmQ> nmhmV hmoVo. nhmQ>oAmYrM àdmg gwê$ H$ê$Z _r H|$Xibm gH$mir gmS>oXhm dmOVm nmohmoMbmo. \$mXa ~oO} `m§À`mH$S>o {_eZ H|$Ðm{edm` VoWrb H°$Q>o{H$ñQ> emioMr Am{U eoVrMrhr O~m~Xmar Amho. Ë`m{edm` `oWo EH$ {dUH$m_mMr emim Amho. VoWo bmoH$arMo Jm{bMo V`ma Ho$bo OmVmV. Amnë`m `m YH$mYH$sÀ`m OrdZe¡brVhr \$mXa ~oO} `m§Zr ñdV:bm Mm§Jbo V§XwéñV R>odbo Amho.

H|$XihÿZ AmR> {H$bmo_rQ>a Agboë`m diU `oWo pñdËPbªS>_Yrb dbmB©Eg `oWrb {_eZar \$mXa H«$mB©P AmhoV. H|$Xi Am{U diU `m XmoZ {_eZ H|$Ðm§V _r \$ma OUm§Zm ÑT>rH$aU ñZmZg§ñH$ma {Xbo Zmhr. H$maU _mÂ`m Xm¡è`m{df`r `m Y_©Jwê§$Zm doirM nyd©H$ënZm {Xbr Jobr ZìhVr. '