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Showing posts with label Bishop Coppel. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Bishop Coppel. Show all posts

Wednesday, May 21, 2014

Fr Jacquier's mission work in Rahata during First World War


KmoJaJmdMo \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m
(Am¡a§Jm~mX {OëømVrb {¼ñVr {_eZ H$m`© - B g.1892 nmgyZ)


H$m{_b nmaIo
gwJmdm àH$meZ

10) _hm`wÕmÀ`m N>m`oV JmoXmdar Amobm§Sy>Z Ah_XZJa {OëømV

gZ 1914 _Ü`o `wamonmV n{hbo _hm`wÕ gwê$ Pmbo. `m `wÕmMr aU^y_r `wamon Agbr Var Ë`mMo nS>gmX Ë`mdoir Ah_XZJa {Oëô`mVrb N>moQ>rer Jmdo Agboë`m amhmVm Am{U g§J_ZoamVgwÕm nS>bo. `wamonmV {~«{Q>em§Mo O_©Zrer `wÕ Ow§nbo hmoVo. Ë`m_wio ho O_©Z {¼ñVr Y_©Jwê$ [~«{Q>e§mÀ`m Ñï>rZo eÌyM hmoVo. [h§XwñWmZmVrb {ejUjoÌmV `oeyg§KmMo O_©ZXoer` Y_©Jwê$ _hÎdmMr ^y{_H$m nma nmS>V AmhoV, `mMr {~«{Q>e amÁ`H$Ë`mªZm nwaVr OmUrd hmoVr. Ë`m_wio _hm`wÕmÀ`m gwédmVrÀ`m H$mimV `m eÌyamï´>mVrb `m ZmJ[aH$m§{déÕ Ë`m§Zr H$mhr H$madmB© Ho$br Zmhr. _mÌ \$ma H$mi bm§~boë`m _hm`wÕmMr YJ dmT>V Jobr. `m YJrÀ`m Vrd«VoMm \$Q>H$m `oeyg§KmÀ`m _w§~B©-nwUo {_eZbm nmohmoMbm. dmT>Ë`m X~mdm_wio gÎmmYmar Agboë`m {~«{Q>em§Zr _J qhXwñWmZmVrb gd© O_©Z ZmJ[aH$m§Zm Vwé§JmV Q>mH$bo. Ë`§mÀ`m_Ü`o Ah_XZJa {Oëô`mVrb {_eZatMmhr g_mdoe hmoVm.
_hm`wÕ gwê$ Pmë`mZ§Va gZ 1915 À`m gßQ>|~a _{hÝ`mV nwUo Y_©àm§VmMo A°S>{_{ZñQ´>oQ>a \$mXa [aH$brZ `m§Zr ZmJnyaMo {~en H$m°nob `m§Zm AS>MUrV gmnS>boë`m `oeyg§Kmbm _XV H$aÊ`mMr {dZVr Ho$br. nwUo Am{U Ah_XZJa {Oëøm§V H$m_ H$aUmao ~hþVoH$ gd© `oeyg§Kr` \$mXa Am{U ~«Xa O_©Z hmoVo. n{hë`m _hm`wÕm_wio qhXwñWmZmVrb {~«{Q>e gaH$maZo eÌyamï´>mMo ZmJ[aH$ Agboë`m Ë`m gdmªMr Vwé§JmV admZJr Ho$br hmoVr. O_©Z Zgbobo BVa `wamo{n`Z {_eZar _mÌ øm Vwé§JdmgmVyZ dmMbo. \$mXa dmB©ghm¡ßQ> `m§À`m~amo~a Ah_XZJa {OëømVrb Ë`m§Mo BVa ghm ghH$mar åhUOo _wba, {S>~oëg, ñVoaÝW, EIm°Z©, {dÝgoÐmo\$,Am{U hmoåg `m§Zm AQ>H$ H$aÊ`mV Ambr.1 Ë`mn¡H$s \$mXa dmB©ghm¡ßQ>gma»`m H$mhr d¥Õ O_©Z Y_©Jwê§$Zm bmoUmdù`mOdirb I§S>mim `oWo R>odÊ`mV Ambo hmoVo. `m KQ>Zo_wio g§nyU© nwUo Y_©à§mVmV Am{U Ah_XZJa {Oëô`mVrb {_eZ H|$Ðm§V H$m_ H$aÊ`mgmR>r Ho$di Xhm ñdrg Y_©Jwê$ {e„H$ am{hbo hmoVo.
`oeyg§KmMr _XVrgmR>r {dZ§Vr Amë`mda {~en H$m°nob `m§Zr Amnë`m ZmJnya Y_©à§mVmVrb VrZ AZw^dr Y_©Jwê§$Zm Ah_XZJa {Oëô`mV à{V{Z`wŠVrda nmR>dbo. Ë`mdoir Am¡a§Jm~mX {Oëô`mV ~moaga {_eZñWmZmV Agboë`m \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Mr {eS>uOdirb amhmVm {_eZ H|$ÐmV Zo_UyH$ Pmbr. KmoJaJmdMo à_wI Y_©Jwê$ Agbobo \$mXa ~oO} `m§Mr amhþarOdirb H|$Xi Y_©ñWmZmV ~Xbr Pmbr. O~bnya `oWo {_[bQ>ar M°ßboZ Agbobo \$mXa nbwEb `m§Mr nwÊ`mVrb IS>H$r H°$ånmV {_{bQ>ar M°ßboZ åhUyZ Zo_UyH$ Pmbr. ho gd© Y_©Jwê$ Amnmnë`m Zì`m OmJr 1915 À`m Am°ŠQ>mo~amV éOy Pmbo. _hm`wÕ H$mhr _{hÝ`mV g§nyZ `oeyg§Kr` Y_©Jwê$ naV Amnmnë`m {_eZm§V naVVrb Aer gdmªMrM Anojm hmoVr. _mÌ ho _hm`wÕ Mma df} bm§~bo Am{U Ë`mZ§VaM `m O_©Z Y_©Jwé§Mr ~§{XdmgmVyZ gwQ>H$m Pmbr.
O_©Z {_eZatMm VËH$mbrZ `wÕmer H$mS>rEH$ g§~§Y Zgë`mZo Ë`m§Mr Vwé§JmVyZ gwQ>H$m H$aÊ`mV `mdr Aer `m{MH$m qhXwñWmZmVrb AZoH$ {~enm§Zr {~«{Q>e gaH$mabm gmXa Ho$br. _mÌ `m `m{MHo$Mm H$mhrEH$ n[aUm_ Pmbm Zmhr. _hm`wÜXmMr Vrd«Vm dmT>V Mmbbr hmoVr. Ë`m_wio 1916 À`m _mM© _{hÝ`mV {~«{Q>e gaH$maZo [h§XwñWmZmVrb 65 O_©ZXoer` {_eZatZm ~moQ>rV ~gdyZ Ë`m§À`m _m`Xoer hH$mbnÅ>r Ho$br. Caboë`m 26 {_eZatMr XoemVrbM H$m°Ýg|Q´>oeZ H±$ånmV admZJr H$aÊ`mV Ambr. `wÕ g§në`mZ§Va Ë`m§Mrhr Ë`m§À`m _m`Xoer hH$mbnÅ>r H$aÊ`mV Ambr.2 `oeyg§KmÀ`m O_©Z àm°pìhÝgMo gXñ` Agbobo Ah_XZJa {Oëô`mVrb ñdrg Y_©Jwê$ _mÌ `m YanH$S>rVyZ ~Mmdbo. H$maU pñdËPbªS> `m amï´>mZo `m n{hë`m _hm`wÕmV VQ>ñWVoMr ^y{_H$m ñdrH$mabr hmoVr.
OJmVrb gd© H°$Wmo{bH$ {~enm§Zm R>am{dH$ H$mimZ§Va amo__Ü`o OmD$Z nmon_hme`m§Zm ì`{º$JVarË`m ^oQy>Z Amnë`m Y_©àm§VmMm Ahdmb Úmdm bmJVmo. H°$Wmo{bH$ Y_m©Mo gdm}ÀM Y_m©{YH$mè`mMr hr ì`{º$JV ^oQ> hm Ë`m {~enm§À`m Ñï>rZo EH$ _moR>m _mZgÝ_mZ AgVmo. b°{Q>Z_Ü`o 'A°S> {b{_Zm' `m ZmdmZo g§~moYë`m OmUmè`m `m ^oQ>rgmR>r nwÊ`mMo Ë`mdoiMo {~en Am{U '{Zamoß`m' `m AOyZhr à{gÜX hmoUmè`m _amR>r _m{gH$mMo g§ñWmnH$ hoZ«r S>mo[a¨J aom_bm Jobo hmoVo. _hm`wÕ gwé Pmë`mZo `m O_©Z {~enm§Zm qhXwñWmZmV naVUo _wpîH$b Pmbo. em§VVm àñWm{nV hmoÊ`mMr H$mhr H$mi dmQ> nm{hë`mZ§Va AIoarg Ë`m§Zr nwÊ`mÀ`m {~ennXmMm amOrZm_m {Xbm. Ë`mZ§Va OnmZ_Ü`o `oeyg§KmV\}$ Zì`mZoM gwé Ho$boë`m ào{fVH$m`m©Mr Ë`m§Zr gyÌo hmVr KoVbr. nwÊ`mMo {~ennX _mÌ `m H$mimV [aº$M am{hbo.
`oeyg§K hr Am§Vaamï´>r` g§ñWm Agë`mZo `m g§ñWoÀ`m A{YH$mè`m§Zr O_©Z Zgboë`m BVa Y_©Jwê§$Zm _hmamï´>mV H$m_ H$aÊ`mg nmR>{dbo. AmXoe {_iVmM `m Y_©Jwê§$Zr Ah_XZJa_Yrb Amnë`m Zì`m Zo_UwH$sÀ`m OmJr éOy hmoD$Z ào{fV H$m`© H$é bmJbo. _mÌ ZdrZ Y_©Jwê$ `oD$Zhr `oWrb Y_©Jwé§À`m g§»`oV _moR>r KQ> Pmbr hmoVr. _hm`wÕ g§nbo Var nwT>rb H$mhr df} [~«{Q>em§Zr hmH$byZ {Xboë`m Y_©Jwê§$Zm [h§XwñWmZmV naV `oÊ`mg nadmZJr {Xbr Zmhr. Ë`m_wio amo__Yrb `oeyg§KmÀ`m gag§MmbH$m§Zr 1922 gmbr _w§~B©-nwUo àm§Vm§Mr O~m~Xmar `oeyg§KmÀ`m O_©Z àm§VmH$Sy>Z H$mTy>Z KoD$Z Vr `m g§ñWoÀ`mM ñnoZÀ`m A°amJm°Z àm§VmH$S>o gmon{dbr. ñn°{Ze `oeyg§Kr` \$mXam§Zr àm_w»`mZo _w§~B©Vrb gyÌo hmVr KoVbr Am{U ñdrg \$mXa nwÊ`mV Am{U Ah_XZJa {OëømVrb H$m_o nmhÿ bmJbo.3
{~en H$m°nob `m§Zr Om{H$`a, ~oO} Am{U nbwEb `mgma»`m Á`oð>, AZw^dr Y_©Jwê$§Zm Ah_XZJa {OëømV Am{U nwÊ`mbm à{V{Z`wº$sda ËdaoZo nmR>{dbo Am{U ñdV:À`m ZmJnwa Y_©àm§VmVrb AË`§V _hÎdmÀ`m {_eZñWmZm§Mr O~m~Xmar _mÌ Vê$U Am{U AZZw^dr Y_©Jwé§da gmon{dbr Aer Hw$a~ya ZmJnwamVrb H$mhr Y_©Jwé§Zr Ë`mdoir Ho$br hmoVr. Ë`mda {~en H$m°nob `m§Zr _m{_©H$ {Q>nÊUr Ho$br hmoVr. "" AmnU BVam§Zm _XV H$aVmo Ë`mdoir Amnë`mH$S>o Agbobo gdm}Îm_, gdmo©ËH¥$ï> AmnU Ë`m§Zm {Xbo nm{hOo"", Ago Ë`m§Mo CÎma hmoVo.
n{hë`m _hm`wÜXmÀ`m H$mimV Ah_XZJa {Oëô`mVrb _hma g_mOmVrb `oeyg§{K`m§Mo ào{fV H$m`© AJXr ~hambm Ambo hmoVo. {dgmì`m eVH$mÀ`m gwédmVrg gwé Pmboë`m g§J_Zoa {_eZñWmZmV Ë`mdoir 3 hOma 200 H°$Wmo{bH$ hmoVo. diU `oWo XmoZ hOma H°$Wmo{bH$ hmoVo, Ë`mOdiÀ`m H§o$Xi {_eZ H|$ÐmV EH$ hOma Am{U amhmVm `oWo 1 hOma 700 H°$Wmo{bH$ hmoVo. g§J_Zoa `oWrb `oeyg§Kr` \$mXa \$mpÝgg ew{~Ja ñdrg ZmJ[aH$ Agë`mZo Vwé§JdmgmVyZ ~mhoa am{hbo hmoVo. diU `oWohr `oeyg§Kr` \$mXa H«$mB©J hmoVo.

g§X^©:

1) \$m. Wm°_g gmido Am{U \$m. Ho$ZoW {_pñH$Q>m, 'OogyB©Q> 2005' dm{f©H$, ~moJm} Eg. pñn[aVmo 4, 00193, amo_, BQ>mbr (gßQ>|~a 2004) (nmZ 133)

2) \$mXa âb°Q>Za, \o${bŠg Aë\$S> (`oeyg§K), g|Q> nm°b npãbHo$eÝg, 28-~r, MmW_ bmB©Ýg, Abmhm~mX 2, CÎma àXoe (1963) (nmZ 72)

3) '{Zamoß`m' _m{gH$, \o$~«wdmar 2005 

Fr Jacquier starts Borsar mission in Aurangabad district

KmoJaJmdMo \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m
(Am¡a§Jm~mX {OëømVrb {¼ñVr {_eZ H$m`© - B g.1892 nmgyZ)
H$m{_b nmaIo gwJmdm àH$meZ



9) ~moaga {_eZ H|$ÐmMr C^maUr


\$mXa Om{H$`a 1896 _Ü`o KmoJaJmdmV Amë`mnmgyZ `m {_eZH$m`m©Mm ì`mn Am{U H$m`©joÌ ^anya dmT>bo hmoVo. AmgnmgÀ`m EHy$U 65 Jmdm§Mm `m {_eZñWmZmV g_mdoe hmoVm. KmoJaJmdmV ñWm{`H$ AgUmè`m Y_©Jwé§Zm `m XyadaÀ`m JmdmVrb bmoH$m§er {Z`{_V g§nH©$ R>odUo eŠ` ZìhVo. Ë`m_wio KmoJaJmd {_eZ H|$ÐmMo {d^mOZ H$ê$Z H$mhr Jmdm§gmR>r EH$ Zdo {_eZ H|$Ð CKS>Ê`mMm {ZU©` {~en \$mpÝgg pñQ>\$Z H$m°nob `m§Zr KoVbm. KmoJaJmdmnmgyZ 35 {H$bmo_rQ>a A§Vamda Agbobo ~moaga Jmd ho `m Zì`m {_eZñWimMo H|$Ð AgUma hmoVo.
KmoJaJmd {_eZÀ`m hÔrVrb 65 Jmdm§n¡H$s 18 Jmdo Zì`m ~moaga {_eZH|ÐmH$S>o di{dÊ`mV Ambr. `m Zì`m {_eZHo$§ÐmMr O~m~Xmar AZw^dr \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§À`mH$S>o gmon{dÊ`mV Ambr. OwÝ`m {_eZmVrb AmR> H°$Q>o{H$ñQ>m§Mrhr Zì`m {_eZ H|$ÐmV ~Xbr H$aÊ`mV Ambr. KmoJaJmdMo à_wI Y_©Jwê$ åhUyZ \$mXa ~oO} `m§Mr Zo_UyH$ Pmbr. \$mXa Á`mo \$Zmª{S>g ho Ë`m§Mo ghm`H$ Y_©Jwê$ hmoVo. KmoJaJmd {_eZ H|$ÐmH$S>o AmVm 47 Jmdm§Mm H$m`©^ma hmoVm. VoWrb XmoZ Y_©Jwê§$À`m _XVrbm 24 H°$Q>o{H$ñQ> _mñVam§Mm Vm\$m hmoVm.
Zì`m {_eZmMr C^maUr H$aÊ`mg {gÕ Pmboë`m \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Zr Amnë`m OyZ 1910 À`m amoO{ZerV {b{hbo Amho : ""KmoJaJmd {_eZ hÔrVrb gd© Jmdm§Zm ^oQ>r {Xë`mZ§Va 4 _o bm _r KmoJaJmd gmoS>bo. \$mXa Apë~Zmo ZmJnyabm Jobo Agë`m_wio Am¡a§Jm~mX `oWo VrZ {Xdg _r Ë`m§Mm H$m`©^ma gm§^mibm Am{U 9 _o À`m gH$mir ~moaga `oWo nmohmoMbmo. AmXë`m {XderÀ`m g§Ü`mH$mir N>namgmR>r qPH$ nÌo Am{U BVa gm_mZ KoD$Z XmoZ ~¡bJmS>çm ~moagabm nmohmoMë`m hmoË`m. Ë`mM ~¡bJmS>çmVyZ EH$ H°$Q>o{H$ñQ> Am{U _mPm OwZm AmMmar Amnbr ñd`§nmH$mMr ^m§S>r KoD$Z VoWo Ambo hmoVo. H$m°\$sMm EH$ H$n {nD$Z Amåhr gd© OU _J EH$ _¡b A§Vamda Agboë`m EH$m Q>oH$S>rda Jobmo. Ë`m C§M Q>oH$S>rdê$Z Amåhmbm Am¡a§Jm~mX Am{U H$ÝZS> eham§À`m {XeoVrb OdiOdi drg _¡bm§À`m nR>mamMo AË`§V {dh§J_ Xe©Z KS>bo. `oeyÀ`m n{dÌ öX`mbm hr ^y_r An©U H$aÊ`mgmR>r _r JwS>Ko Q>oH$bo Am{U M~b¡g `oWo {_eZH$m`m©gmR>r AmJ_Z Ho$boë`m g§V \$mpÝgg S>r goëg `m§À`m nmdbmda nmD$b Q>mHy$Z `m Y_©àm§VmÀ`m XyVm§H$S>o àmW©Zm Ho$br.
~moaga `oWo _r gÜ`m amhÊ`mgmR>r EH$ Imobr Am{U ñd`§nmH$mMr Imobr Agbobr _mVrÀ`m q^VrMo EH$ PmonS>rdOm Ka ~m§YVmo Amho. Iao nm{hbo Va `oWrb _hmam§À`m Ñï>rZo ho Ka åhUOo dmñVwemñÌmVrb EH$ ZdbM Amho. `m KamÀ`m q^Vr gmV \y$Q> C§M Am{U 14 \y$Q> é§XrÀ`m AmhoV. q^Vrda qPH$ nÍ`mMo N>V Amho.""
Ë`mZ§Va H$mhr H$mimZ§Va \$mXam§Zr Amnë`m aomO{ZerV {b{hbo hmoVo. ""_mPo `oWrb AmJ_Z g¡VmZmbm AmdS>bobo {XgV Zmhr. ~moaga JmdmVrb 400 _hmam§n¡H$s 150 {¼íMZ AmhoV. nU Am_À`m{df`r `m {¼íMZm§À`m ^mdZm AË`§V H$Qw> AmhoV, Ë`m§Mr Am_À`m~amo~arMr dmJUyH$hr Mm§Jbr Zmhr. `m g_mOmV OmVrì`dñWo_wio {Z_m©U hmoUmè`m AS>MUr Am{U {¼ñVr Y_m©À`m Z¡{VH$ dV©Zmg§~§YrÀ`m {Z`_m§_wio Ë`m§À`m _ZmV MrS> {Z_m©U hmoVo. `oWrb _wbm§Zm {¼ñVr Y_©{df`H$ {eH$dUgwÕm MwH$sÀ`m nÕVrZo {Xbr OmV Amho. Ë`m{edm` b½ZmMo H$m`Xoera d` hmoÊ`mÀ`m AmYrM ~hþVoH$ b½Z hmoV AgVmV. _mÌ, XodmÀ`m H¥$noZo `m bmoH$m§Zm {¼ñVr OrdZnÕVrMr gd` bmJob Aer Am_Mr Amem Amho.""
~moagabm Amë`mZ§Va gwê$dmVrÀ`m `m H$Qy> AZw^dmZ§Va bdH$aM \$mXa Om{H$`a Zì`m OmJr éibo. Ë`m§À`m{df`rMm ñWm{ZH$ bmoH$m§Mm Ñ{ï>H$moZhr hiyhiy ~Xbbm. \$mXam§À`m ào{fVH$m`m©g ho bmoH$ à{VgmX XoD$ bmJbo. 30 {S>go§~a 1910 amoOr \$mXam§Zr Amnë`m amoO{ZerV {b{hbo hmoVo: ""_mPm n{hbm ZmVmigU ~moaga `oWo AJXr AmZ§XmV nma nS>bm. Joë`m VrZ _{hÝ`m§À`m H$mimV `m {_eZ H|$ÐmV _r 311 OUm§Zm ~mpßVñ_m {Xbm Amho. ZmVmimÀ`m gUmÀ`m {Xder 125 OUm§Zr H$å`w{Z`Z ñdrH$mabo, Va 40 OUm§Zr ~m{áñ_m KoVbm. Joë`m dfu OoWo \$º$ XmoZOUm§Zr H$å`w{Z`Z KoVbo hmoVo Ë`mM ~moaga JmdmV `mdoir 40 OUm§Zr H$å`w{Z`Z ñdrH$mabo. Ë`m{edm` _r `oWo AmR> b½Zo bmdbr AmhoV.""
1913 Am{U 1914 `m H$mimV \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Zr ~moaga Am{U KmoJaJmd `m XmoÝhrhr {_eZ H|$Ðm§H$S>o bj {Xbo. {ZYrÀ`m A^mdr KmoJaJmdÀ`m XodimMo H$m_ aIS>bo hmoVo. _mÌ ~moaga `oWo \$ma ^ard ñdê$nmMo `moJXmZ H$aÊ`mgmR>r \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Zm nwaogm doi {_imbm Zmhr. `m Zì`m {_eZ H|$ÐmMm nm`m _O~yV H$aÊ`mMo H$m`©, VoWo XoD$i ~m§YÊ`mMo àmW{_H$ H$m_ Ë`mdoir ZwH$VrM Jwé{Xjm Pmboë`m \$mXa Omogo\$ nmO `m§Zr Ho$bo. `mMo H$maU åhUOo `mXaå`mZ n{hbo _hm`wÕ gwê$ Pmë`mZo _amR>dmS>çmÀ`m eoOmarb Ah_XZJa {OëømVrb O_©Z `oeyg§Kr`m§da g§H$Q> H$mogibo. `m O_©Z Y_©Jwê§$Zm {~«{Q>em§Zr Vwé§JmV S>m§~ë`mZo Ah_XZJa {OëømVrb Zì`mZoM ñWmnZ Pmbobr {_eZ H|$Ðo Mmb{dÊ`mgmR>r E_EgE\$Eg g§ñWoÀ`m \$mXam§Mr _XV _mJÊ`mV Ambr. ZmJnyaÀ`m {~enm§Zr 1995 À`m gßQ>|~amV \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Mr ~moaga `oWyZ amhmVm `oWo ~Xbr H$obr. KmoJaJmdMo Y_©Jwê$ Om°Z _oar ~oO} `m§Mr H|$Xi `oWo ~Xbr Pmbr. KmoJaJmd `oWo Ë`mdoir ghm`H$ Y_©Jwê$ Agboë`m \$mXa {gñH$V \$m{O`mZmo `m§À`mH$S>oM Ë`m Y_©J«m_mMr O~m~Xmar gmon{dÊ`mV Ambr. `mM YVuda ~moagaMo ghm`H$ Y_©Jwê$ Agboë`m \$mXa nmO `m§Zr VoWrb H$m`©^ma hmVr KoVbm.
\$mXa nmO `m§Zr ~moagabm \$mXam§Mo {ZdmgñWmZ Am{U M°nob ~m§Ybo Am{U Zì`m ^ì` XodimMohr ~m§YH$m_ gwê$ Ho$bo. KmoJaJmdÀ`m C§M {¼ñVamOm _§{Xamà_mUoM `m XodimMohr ~m§YH$m_ AZoH$ df} Mmbbo.Amnë`m \w$agVrÀ`m doimV `m XodimV C^maÊ`mgmR>r \$mXa nmO Ë`m§Zr ñdV:M nwVio H$moabo. Ë`mH$mimV ~m§YH$m_mgmR>r dmnaë`m OmUmè`m MwÝ`mMo ãbm°Šg V`ma H$ê$Z, Ë`mda MmHy$Zo H$moê$Z Ë`m§Zr ho nwVio KS>{dbo. ZmJnyaMo {~en H$m°nob Am{U E_EgE\$Eg g§ñWoMo à§mVm{YH$mar \$mXa AZ}ñQ> WoìhZoQ> `m§Zr ~moagabm ^oQ>r {Xë`m. Ë`mZ§VaÀ`m Amnë`m {bImUmV {~enm§Zr \$mXa nmO `m§À`m {eënH$boÀ`m H$m¡eë`mMo H$m¡VwH$ Ho$bo. OÝ_mZo \|$M Agboë`m \$mXa nmO `m§Mo _amR>rda Mm§Jbo à^wËd hmoVo. gZ 1919 À`m Am°ŠQ>mo~amV \$mXam§Mr O~bnyabm ~Xbr Pmbr Am{U \$mXa {_Mob \$m°aob ho ~moagabm Ambo. O~bnyabm Joë`mZ§Va H$mhr _{hÝ`mVM åhUOo 22 _o 1920 bm \$mXa nmO `m hmS>mÀ`m {_eZarMo An|{S>ŠgÀ`m {dH$mamZo d`mÀ`m Ho$di 31 ì`m dfu {ZYZ Pmbo.
~moagabm éOy Pmbobo \$mXa \$m°aob `m§Zr Amnë`m XoemMr godm H$aÊ`mgmR>r n{hë`m _hm`wÕmÀ`m H$mimV \|$M g¡Ý`mV H$m_ Ho$bo hmoVo. _hm`wÕ gwê$ Pmbo Voìhm OJmVrb gd© gj_ \|$M ZmJ[aH$m§Zr g¡Ý`mV ^aVr ìhmdo, Agm \$mÝg gaH$maZo \$Vdm H$mT>bm hmoVm. `m AmdmhZmg hmoH$ma qH$dm ZH$ma XoÊ`mMm {ZU©` qhXwñWmZmVrb {~enm§Zr Amnmnë`m hÔrVrb Y_©Jwê$§da gmondbm hmoVm. `m AmdmhZmg à{VgmX XoD$Z E_EgE\$Eg g§ñWoMo qhXwñWmZmVrb H$mhr \|$M Y_©Jwê$ Amnë`m _m`XoemÀ`m g¡Ý`mV XmIbhr Pmbo hmoVo. `m Y_©Jwê$§Zm Amnbr H$m_o H$éZ JaO nS>ob Voìhm g¡Ý`mV Y_©Jwê$nXmÀ`mhr O~m~Xmar gm§^mimdr bmJV Ago.


 ~moaga `oWo \$mXa nmO `m§Zr 1818 gmbr ~m§Yboë`m XodimMm _O~yV nm`m aMbm hmoVm. `m nm`mda XoD$i C^o H$aÊ`mgmR>r \$mXa \$m°aob `m§À`mH$S>o {ZYr ZìhVm. XodimMo ho ~m§YH$m_ Ë`m_wio AmUIr H$mhr df} a|Jmibo. `m aIS>boë`m ~m§YH$m_mgmR>r ~¡OmnyaÀ`m VhgrbXmamMr Zì`mZo nadmZJr KoÊ`mgmR>r Z§Va \$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Zr \$mXa \$m°aob `m§Zm _XV Ho$br. \$mXa \$m°aob `m§Zr 1924 À`m Owb¡V XodimMo ~m§YH$m_ Zì`m CËgmhmZo hmVr KoVbo Am{U AZoH$ AS>rAS>MUtZm Vm|S> XoV XoD$i C^o Ho$bo. ~moagaMo ho XoD$i {~en H$m°nob `m§Zr 19 _mM© 1926 amoOr Amerdm©{XV Ho$bo. Ë`mZ§Va EH$ dfm©V KmoJaJmdÀ`m {¼ñVamOm _§{Xamghr Amerdm©X XoÊ`mV Ambm. àH¥$VrÀ`m H$maUm_wio \$mÝgbm Jobobo \$mXa Om{H$`a _mÌ `m XmoÝhrhr g_ma§^mg CnpñWV ZìhVo.