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{dZ§Vr AZoH$ Jmdm§Vrb bmoH$ H$aV hmoVo. ’$mXa Om{H$`a ‘amR>dmS>m
{‘eZ{d^mJmMo à‘wI hmoVo. ‘mÌ nrH$ ’$ma Am{U H$m‘H$ar
H$‘r Aer pñWVr hmoVr. Zoho‘rà‘mUo n¡emMrhr MUMU hmoVrM.
KmoJaJmdmnmgyZ
40 {H$bmo‘rQ>a Xya Agboë`m bmohJmd `oWo {‘eZH$m`© gwê$
H$amdo Aer VoWrb bmoH$m§Zr AZoH$Xm ‘mJUr H$obr hmoVr. bmohJmd
`oWrb Jm{~«Eb ZmdmÀ`m EH$ Vê$UmZo Ah‘XZJa {OëømVrb {‘eZmÀ`m
emioV {ejU KoD$Z ~m{áñ‘mhr KoVbm hmoVm. Z§Va Jm{~«oEbZo
bmohJmdÀ`m BVa bmoH$m§gh Am¡a§Jm~mXÀ`m {‘{bQ>ar M°ßboZ
Agbobo ’$mXa Omogo’$ ao‘§S> `m§Mr ^oQ> KoD$Z Amnë`m
JmdmV ào{fV H$m`© gwê$ H$aÊ`mMr ‘mJUr Ho$br. Ë`mdoir
Am¡a§Jm~mX {OëømÀ`m Xm¡è`mda Agbobo {~en nobìhQ>
`moJm`moJmZo Ë`mdoir VoWoM hmoVo. bmohJmdmV Ë`mdoir ‘hma g‘mOmÀ`m
118 àm¡T> ì`º$s Am{U 30 ‘wbo hmoVr. bmohJmdÀ`m bmoH$m§Mr
Vr {dZ§Vr EoHy$Z {~enm§Zm AmZ§XM dmQ>bm. bmohJmdmV 1899 À`m
gwê$dmVrg AmnU {‘eZH$m`© gwê$ H$ê$ Ago AmídmgZhr Ë`m§Zr
bmoH$m§Zm {Xbo.
‘amR>dmS>çmVrb
{‘eZà‘wI Agboë`m ’$mXa Om{H$`a `m§À`m~amo~a {~enm§Zr
`m~m~V MMm© Ho$br. ’$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Zr ‘mÌ bmohJmdmV ào{fV
H$m`© gwê$ H$aÊ`mg {damoYM Xe©{dbm. KmoJaJmd {‘eZHo$§Ðm§Vrb
doJdoJù`m IoS>çm§Vrb bmoH$m§‘Ü`o EH$Q>çmZo ào{fV H$m`©
H$aVmZm ^anya X‘N>mH$ hmoV AgVm§Zm Xyada Agboë`m bmohJmdmV
H$er gwdmVm© gm§JUma Agm Ë`m§Mm gdmb hmoVm. {~en nbìhoQ>
`m§Zr 'brg {‘eÝg H°$Wmo{bŠg' À`m {S>go§~a 1898 À`m A§H$mV
bmohJmd g§X^m©Vrb noMàg§Jm{df`r {b{hbo Amho.
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{b{hbo Amho H$s ‘mPo åhUUo EoH$ë`mZ§Va ’$mXa Om{H$`a ‘bm
åhUmbo, ""‘m` bm°S>©, KmoJaJmdmnmgyZ Vã~b 40
{H$bmo‘rQ>a Xya Agboë`m {R>H$mUr {‘eZHo$§Ð CKS>Ê`mMm
Vwåhr H$m {dMma H$aVm AmhmV? KmoJaJmdmnmer Odi Agboë`m {H$VrVar
JmdÀ`m bmoH$m§Zrhr AemàH$maÀ`m {dZ§Ë`m `mAmYr AZoH$Xm H$oë`m
AmhoV Am{U VoWohr {_eZ H|$Ð gwê$ H$aUo Amnë`mbm eŠ` Pmbobo Zmhr.
Amåhm Y‘©Jwê$§À`m ‘m{gH$ ‘mZY‘mMr a¸$‘ dmT>{dÊ`mEodOr
{ZYrÀ`m Q>§MmB©‘wio Vwåhr Vr H$‘r Ho$br Amho. Aem
n[apñWVrV AmUIr EH$ Zdo {‘eZH|$Ð CKS>Uo H$go eŠ` Amho? ‘mÂ`m
H°$Q>o{H$ñQ> à{ejU H|$ÐmMr {ZYrÀ`m A^mdr ’$ma dmB©Q>
AdñWm Pmbr Amho. H°$Q>o{H$ñQ> hmoD$ B[ÀN>Umè`m ~mam
Vê$Um§Zm ‘r àË`oH$s Ho$di XmoZ ê$n`m§Mo OodU XoD$ eH$Vmo.
H°$Q>o{H$ñQ> à{ejUmWvMr g§»`m drgn`ªV ZoÊ`mMr ‘mPr
BÀN>m Amho. na§Vw {ZYrÀ`m AS>MUr‘wio ‘bm Vo eŠ`
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OdiÀ`m
IoS>çm§Vrb H$m‘mMo ì`mn dmTë`m‘wio Xyada Agboë`m
bmohJmdbm {‘eZH$m`© gwê$ H$aUo ’$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Zm eŠ` Pmbo
Zmhr. `m~m~VrV Á`m§Zr {deof ag KoVbm hmoVm Ë`m§Mo åhUOo {~en
nbìhoQ> `m§Mo 1990 À`m ‘o ‘{hÝ`mV {ZYZ Pmbo. ‘mÌ
bmohJmdÀ`m J«m{~EbZo 1990 _Ü`o nwÝhm EH$Xm Am¡a§Jm~mXMo
{‘{bQ>ar M°ßboZ ’$mXa ao‘§S> `m§Mr ^oQ> KoD$Z
bmohJmdmV {‘eZH$m`© gwê$ H$aÊ`mMr {dZ§Vr Ho$br. ’$mXa ao‘§S>
`m§Mo bmohJmdmV `m bmoH$m§Zr O§Jr ñdmJV Ho$bo. VoWrb bmoH$m§Zm
àmW©Zm Am{U H°$Q>o{H$P‘ {eH${dë`mZ§Va ’$mXam§Zr Ë`m§Zm
~m{áñ‘m {Xbm.Am¡a§Jm~mXbm 1905 n`ªV Agon`ªV ’$mXa ao‘§S>
bmohJmdMr AmÜ`mpË‘H$ O~m~Xmar gm§^miV hmoVo. Ë`m§À`mZ§VaÀ`m
{‘{bQ>ar M°ßboZZr ‘mÌ bmohJmdmH$S>o Xwb©jM H$obo. ‘mÌ
bmohJmdÀ`m Y‘mªV[aV bmoH$m§Zr {¼ñVr Y‘© gmoS>bm Zmhr.
ZmVmi, nmñH$mgma»`m gUmgmR>r Vo Am¡a§Jm~mXbm OmV AgV.
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Om{H$`a `m§Mr ~moagabm ~Xbr Pmë`mZ§Va ’$mXa ~oO} KmoJaJmdbm
Ambo. Ë`m§Mo ghm`H$ åhUyZ ’$mXa ’$m{O`mZmo 1914 À`m
Zmoìh|~amV KmoJaJmdmbm Ambo.ZmVmimÀ`m gUmgmR>r 24 {S>go§~amV
KmoJaJmdbm ~mhoaJmdmVyZ AZoH$ ^m{dH$ Ambo hmoVo. bmohJmdmhyZ Amboë`m
Xhm bmoH$m§‘Ü`o EH$m åhmVmarMmhr g‘mdoe hmoVm. ’$mXa
’$m{O`mZmo `m§Zr Ë`m§Mr Mm¡H$er Ho$ë`mda Ë`m bmoH$m§Zr
gm§{JVbo H$s ZmVmimÀ`m gUm{Z{_Îm {‘ñgoV gh^mJr hmoÊ`mgmR>r
drg H$mog MmbyZ Vo {VWo Ambo hmoVo. Ë`mZ§Va nwT>À`mM ‘{hÝ`mV
KmoS>çmda ñdma hmoD$Z ’$mXam§Zr bmohJmdbm ^oQ> {Xbr. VoWo
nmM Hw$Qw>§~m§Zr Amnbr {¼ñVr lÜXm H$m`‘ R>odbr hmoVr Ago
Ë`m§Zm AmT>ibo. nwT>o ’$mXa ~oO} `m§Mr Ah‘XZJa {OëømV
H|$Xi `oWo ~Xbr Pmë`mZ§Va ’$m{O`mZmo `m§À`mH$S>o KmoJaJmdMr
gyÌo Ambr. bmohJmd `oWo Ë`m§Zr EH$m H°$Q>o{H$ñQ>Mr Zo‘UyH$
Ho$br Am[U AmOy~mOyÀ`m IoS>çm§V ào{fV H$m`© gwê$ Ho$bo. gZ
1923 bm Am¡a§Jm~mXbm ~Xbr Pmë`mZ§Vahr bmohJmd Ë`m§À`m
A{YH$majoÌmV R>odÊ`mV Ambo. bmohJmdbm OmÊ`mgmR>r AmVm Ë`m§Zm
Am¡a§Jm~mXhyZ {~S>H$sZn`ªV Mm§Jbm añVm hmoVm. gm`H$bZo àdmg
H$ê$Z Vo eoOmaÀ`m Jmdm§Zm ^oQ>r XoV AgV. gZ 1927 bm Ë`m§Zr
bmohJmdnmer {~S>H$sZ `oWo gmV EH$a O‘rZ {dH$V KoVbr. nwT>o
{~S>H$sZM `m n[agamVrb {‘eZHo$§ÐmMo H|$Ð ~Zbo. n¡R>U
VmbwŠ`mVrb `m JmdmV AmO VoWo g|Q> Omogo’$ MM© C^o Amho.
{~S>H$sZ `oWo nwAa {gñQ>g© Am°’$ Ada boS>r `m g§ñWoÀ`m
{gñQ>am§À`m XdmImÝ`mV J«m‘rU bmoH$m§gmR>r Amamo½`godm
{Xë`m OmVmV.
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