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Showing posts with label Urdu. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Urdu. Show all posts

Wednesday, May 21, 2014

Arrival of Christianity in Nizam's Hyderabad state


KmoJaJmdMo \$mXa Om{H$`a~m~m
(Am¡a§Jm~mX {OëømVrb {¼ñVr {_eZ H$m`© - B g.1892 nmgyZ)


H$m{_b nmaIo

5) h¡Xam~mXÀ`m {ZOm‘ g§ñWmZmV {¼ñVr Y‘m©Mo AmJ‘Z

`oey {¼ñVmMm {eî` Agboë`m g§V Wm°‘g `mZo H$oai amÁ`mV {¼ñVr Y‘m©Mm àgma Ho$bm. Ë`m‘wio {I«ñVr Y‘m©bm ^maVmV XmoZ hOma dfmªMr na§nam Amho. ‘Ü``wJrZ H$mimV nmoVw©JrOm§À`m AmJ‘ZmZ§Va {¼ñVr Y‘© Jmoì`mV Am[U ‘w§~B©Odi dgB© `oWo ê$Obm. g‘«mQ> AH$~amÀ`m Xa~mamVhr `oeyg§Kr` Y‘©Jwê§$Zr hOoar bmdbr hmoVr. ‘mÌ Ë`mH$mimV CÎma [h§XwñWmZmV {¼ñVr Y‘m©Mm àgma Pmbm Zmhr. {~«{Q>e Amnbm A§‘b qhXwñWmZmV àñWm{nV H$aÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$aV hmoVo Ë`m H$mimV XoemVrb gd©M amOo‘hmamOm§À`m g¡Ý`XimV {¼ñVr A{YH$mar dm g¡{ZH$ h‘Img Agm`Mo. `mn¡H$s H$mhr {~«{Q>e Va BVa OU Ë`mµH$mir nmoVw©JrOm§À`m A_bmImbr Agboë`m Jmoì`mVrb AgV. qhXwñWmZmV B©ñQ> B§{S>`m H§$nZrMm amÁ`H$ma^ma gwê$ Pmbm, Voìhm H§$nZrÀ`m g¡Ý`XimVhr AZoH$ àmoQ>oñQ>§Q> Am{U H°$Wmo{bH$ A{YH$mar Am{U g¡{ZH$ hmoVo. Ë`m‘wio `m OmJmoOmJÀ`m g¡Ý`XimV {‘{bQ>ar M°ßboZ åhUyZ {¼ñVr Y‘©Jwê§$Mr JaO ^mgy bmJbr. AemàH$mao XoemÀ`m gd© H$mZmH$monè`mVrb H±$ånmV {¼ñVr Y‘©Jwê§$Mo AmJ‘Z Pmbo. Ë`m {R>H$mUr ~m§YÊ`mV Amboë`m M°nob qH$dm MM©À`m ê$nmZo Ë`m {R>H$mUr gd©àW‘ {¼ñVr Y‘m©Mr JwT>r C^maÊ`mV Ambr.
hr {¼ñV‘§{Xao ~m§YÊ`mgmR>r ñWm{ZH$ amÁ`H$Ë`mªZr O‘rZOw‘bm Am[U AW© gmhmæ` CnbãY H$ê$Z {Xbo Ago C„oI AmT>iVmV. CXmhaUmW© -nwUo Y‘©J«m‘mVrb gdm©V OwZo {¼ñV ‘§{Xa Agbobo {gQ>r MM© ~m§YÊ`mgmR>r ‘hmXOr {e§Xo `m§Zr 1794 gmbr O‘rZ Am{U {ZYr nwadbm hmoVm.1
nwÊ`mVrb {gQ>r MM©‘Ü`o Y‘©Jwê$ Agbobo ’$mXa bmonrg S>r H$m°Ýgogmd ho gZ 1812 À`m gw‘mamg Am¡a§Jm~mX `oWo ~m§Yboë`m M°nobbm (Y‘©Jwê§$Mo {ZdmgñWmZ Zgbobo N>moQ>o {¼ñVr XoD$i) ^oQ>r XoV AgV. Am¡a§Jm~mX Am{U OmbZm `oWrb g¡{ZH$s Vim§darb `wamo{n`Z Am{U qhXwñWmZr bîH$ar Am{U ‘wbH$s ì`º$s¨gmR>r Y‘©Jwê$ `m ZmË`mZo Vo Amnbo H$V©ì` nma nmS>V AgV. 1828 ‘Ü`o Jmoì`mÀ`m AmM©{~enm§À`m A{YH$mam§À`m AIË`marV Am¡a§Jm~mX Am{U OmbZm `m eham§gmR>r àË`oH$s EH$m Y‘©Jwê$Mr Zo‘UyH$ H$aÊ`mV Ambr.2
{ZOm‘mÀ`m h¡Xam~mX g§ñWmZmV {gH§$Xam~mX `oWo Wm°‘g {‘S>ëQ>Z `m àmoQ>oñQ>§Q> Y‘©Jwê$Zo 1814 ‘Ü`o MM©Mr ñWmnZm Ho$br. 1834 ‘Ü`o VoWrb g§V Om°Z MM©V’}$ Ë`m g§ñWmZmV g§V Om°Z J«°‘a ñH$yb hr n{hbr emim gwê$ H$aÊ`mV Ambr. {hM emim nwT>o h¡Xam~mX ao{gS>oÝgr ñHy$b åhUyZ AmoiIbr OmD$ bmJbr. gZ 1835 ‘Ü`o MM© Am°’$ B§½b§S>Zo {gH§$Xam~mXbm Amnbo g§ñWoMo ñWm{ZH$ ‘w»`mb` C^mabo. Ë`mH$mimV {ZOm‘r g§ñWmZmMmM ^mJ Agboë`m ‘amR>dmS>çmVrb Am¡a§Jm~mX Am{U OmbZm `oWo emIm gwê$ Ho$ë`m.
Aìdb {~«{Q>e Am‘XmZrÀ`m H$mimV h¡Xam~mXÀ`m {ZOm‘r g§ñWmZmV OZVobm CXy© `m àemgH$s` ^mfoÀ`m ‘mÜ`‘mVyZM {ejU ¿`mdo bmJV Ago. gZ 1880 nydu `m g§ñWmZmV qhXy g‘mOmbm {ejU XoUmar A{YH¥$V Aer EH$hr emim ZìhVr. {ZOm‘r gaH$mar CXy© emim§V Añn¥í`m§Zmhr àdoe Ago, emioVrb ‘wgb‘mZ {ejH$ Añn¥í`m§À`m ‘wbm§Zm ñn¥í` ‘wbm§À`m ~amo~a ~gdV `mMmhr gdU© nmbH$m§Zm amJ `oV Ago.3 nU {ejU ¿`m`Mo Agë`mZo ‘wpñb‘ amÁ`H$Ë`mªnwT>o Ë`m§Mm ZmB©bmO hmoVm. nwT>o {¼ñVr {‘eZatZrhr Amnë`m emim§V ñn¥í`m§~amo~a Añn¥í`m§Zmhr àdoe {Xbm, Voìhmhr Cƒd{U©`m§Zm Amnbr ZmamOr bndVm Ambr Zmhr.
gmogm`Q>r ’$m°a Xr àmonoJoeZ Am°’$ Xr Jm°ñnob (EgnrOr) `m {‘eZar§À`m g§ñWoZo OmbZm `oWo H$m`© gwê$ Ho$bo. {‘eZatÀ`m emim§V gd© OmVrY‘m©À`m ‘wbm§Zm {eH$dbo OmV Ago. H°$Wmo{bH$ Am{U àmoQ>oñQ>§Q> {‘eZar§À`m ‘amR>dmS>çmVrb AmJ‘Zm‘wio VoWrb X{bV ‘wbm§Zm àW‘V:M {ejUmMo XadmOo Iwbo Pmbo. gZ 1862 nmgyZ OmbÝ`mV aoìh. Zmam`Uemór eofmÐr `m§Mr Y‘©Jwê$ åhUyZ Zo‘UyH$ Pmbr Am{U `m g§ñWoÀ`m H$m`m©Mm ì`mn dmT>bm. gZ 1868 ‘Ü`o EHy$U 1011 X{bVm§Zr {¼ñVr Y‘m©V àdoe H$obm. `m X{bVm§‘Ü`o ‘m§J, ‘hma Am[U Mm§^ma OmVtÀ`m bmoH$m§Mm g‘mdoe hmoVm. {‘eZ H$m`m©~amo~aM X{bV g‘mOmÀ`m CÞÎmrgmR>r aoìh. eofmÐr `m§Zr {deof à`ËZ Ho$bo. Ë`m‘wioM B{VhmgH$ma h§Q>a `m§Zr Ë`m§Zm Wmoa g‘mOgwYmaH$ åhUyZ g§~mo{Ybo Amho.
aoìh. Zmam`Uemór eofmX«r `m§Zr {ZOm‘mMo VËH$mbrZ {XdmU ga gmbmaO§J n{hbm `mÀ`mH$S>yZ OmbZm ehamOdi 800 EH$a O‘rZ 25 dfmªgmR>r {dZmnÅ>m {‘i{dbr hmoVr. Ë`m ‘miamZmda Ë`m§Zr ~oWob `m ZmdmZo IoS>o dgdbo. `m OmJobm Z§Va ~oWobdmS>r Ago Zmd {‘imbo. emór~wdm§Zr `oWo Zd{¼ñVr g‘mOmgmR>r dgmhV ~Zdbr. Ë`m§À`m nmUrnwadR>çmgmR>r VoWo ghm {d{har ImoXë`m. EH$ MM© Am{U EH$ ‘erX ~m§Ybr, VgoM ~mOmanoR>oMr Am{U H$m`©emioMrhr C^maUr Ho$br.
eofmÐr `m§Zr Zd{¼ñVr g‘mOmgmR>r EH$m ñdV§Ì IoS>çmMr C^maUr Ho$br hr ‘moR>r H«$m§{VH$maH$ KQ>Zm hmoVr Ago Eb. dm`. Am¡Ma‘b `m§Zr åhQ>bo Amho. nma§n[aH$ {df‘VmÝ` g‘mOaMZobm åhUOo {df‘Vobm {Xbobr hr EH$ ‘moR>r MnamH$M hmoVr Ago Ë`m§Zr åhQ>bo Amho. {d^º$ g‘mOaMZoV JmdHw$gm~mhoa Cno{jV amhÊ`mnojm X{bVm§MoM EH$ ñdV§Ì Jmd AgUo `mnojm Xwgar H«$m§Vr H$moUVr Agy eH$Vo ?4
gmogm`Q>r ’$m°a Xr àmonoJoeZ Am°’$ Xr Jm°ñnob `m g§ñWoZo nwwT>o Am¡a§Jm~mX‘Ü`o hmobr {Q´>{ZQ>r (n{dÌ EoŠ`) MM© ~m§Ybo. {~«{Q>e bîH$ar A{YH$mè`m§Zr 5,000 ê$n`o Am{U {ZOm‘mZo 5,000 ê$n`o ‘XV {Xë`mZ§Va {~en Jm°b `m§À`m ‘mJ©Xe©ZmImbr ho MM© ~m§YÊ`mV Ambo. Am¡a§Jm~mXÀ`m N>mdUr n[agamV Q>mobZmŠ`mÀ`m ‘mJo ho MM© AmOhr dmnamV Amho.
àmoQ>oñQ>§Q> {‘eZar§Zr `m H$mimV bmoh‘mJm©da AgUmè`m na^Ur, Zm§XoS>, CXJra goby dJ¡ao {R>H$mUr {‘eZH$m`© gwê$ Ho$bo. `m n[agamV Ë`m§Zr Xodio C^mabr, emim Am{U dg{VJ¥ho gwê$ Ho$br. `m emim§V Am{U dg{VJ¥hm§V X{bVm§Zmhr àdoe Agë`mZo àW‘V:M `m Cno{jVm§Zm {‘eZar§À`m ê$nmZo Hw$Ur dmbr {‘imbm. ho {‘eZar àgma H$aV Agboë`m Y‘m©H$S>o Vo AmH$[f©V Pmbo Va Ë`mV Zdb Ago H$mhr ZìhVo.
’$mXa Om{H$`a `m§Mo KmoJaJmdmV AmJ‘Z Pmbo Ë`mAmYrM AemàH$mao {ZOm‘r g§ñWmZmV {¼ñVr Y‘m©Mr nVmH$m ’$S>H${dÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr. Ë`mdoir bîH$ar H±$nmV Y‘©Jwê$§Mo H$m‘ g¡{ZH$s VimVrb A{YH$mar Am{U g¡{ZH$m§gmR>r ‘`m©{XV hmoVo. ‘amR>dmS>çmV OmbÝ`mgma»`m H$mhr ^mJm§V AJXr àW‘V:M EVÔoer` Añn¥í` g‘mOmV àmoQ>oñQ>§Q> n§{W`m§Mo ào{fV H$m`© gwê$ Pmbo hmoVo. {ZPm‘ g§ñWmZmVrb ‘amR>dmS>çmV EVÔoer` bmoH$m§‘Ü`o ào{fV H$m`© H$aUmao ’$mXa ‘m[a`Z Wm°‘g Am{U ’$mXa Om{H$`a ho AmÚ H°$Wmo{bH$n§Wr` Y‘©Jwê$ hmoVo.

g§X^© :
1) nwUo H°$Wmo{bH$ S>m`mo{gg S>m`aoŠQ>ar 2006 (nmZ 23)
2) EZ}ñQ> Ama hb (`oeyg§K), '~m°å~o {‘eZ [hñQ>ar {dW A ñnoeb ñQ>S>r Am°’$ Xr nmÐmoS>mo ¹$íMZ(^mJ n[hbm), EŠPm{‘Za àog, ‘oS>moO ñQ´>rQ>, ’$moQ>©, ‘w§~B©, 1927 (nmZ 201)
3) (Am§~oS>H$ar Midi Am{U h¡Xam~mX g§ñWmZmVrb X{bV ‘wº$s g§J«m‘, S>m°. Eb dm` Am¡Ma‘b, gwJmdm àH$meZ, 861/1, gXm{ed noR>, nwUo 411 030, àW‘md¥Îmr, 1997) (nmZ 44)
4) darbà‘mUo, (nmZ 49)